The safety of influenza vaccines in children: An Institute for Vaccine Safety white paper. (30th December 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Halsey, Neal A.; Talaat, Kawsar R.; Greenbaum, Adena; Mensah, Eric; Dudley, Matthew Z.; Proveaux, Tina; Salmon, Daniel A.
• Is Part Of: Vaccine. Volume 33(2015)Supplement 5
• Page Start: F1
• Page End: F67
• Publication Date: 2015-12-30
• Subjects: ACIP Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices -- ADEM acute disseminated encephalomyelitis -- AE adverse events -- AIDP acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy -- AMAN acute motor axonal neuropathy -- AMSAN acute motor and sensory neuropathy -- AS03 an adjuvant containing squalene, dl-α-tocopherol, and polysorbate 80 -- CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US) -- CI confidence intervals -- CISA Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment -- CMV cytomegalovirus -- CNS central nervous system -- CSF cerebrospinal fluid -- CT computerized tomography -- DTaP diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis vaccine -- DTwP diphtheria, tetanus, and whole cell pertussis vaccines -- EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis -- ECDC European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control -- EMA European Medicines Agency -- FS febrile seizures -- GACVS Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety -- GBS Guillain-Barré syndrome -- HA hemagglutinin -- HAI hemagglutination inhibition -- IgE immunoglobulin E -- IgG immunoglobulin G -- IgM immunoglobulin M -- IIV inactivated influenza vaccine -- IRR incidence rate ratios -- ITP immune thrombocytopenia -- LAIV live attenuated influenza vaccine -- LAIV-L live attenuated influenza vaccine – leningrad strain -- MF59 an adjuvant containing squalene, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (Tween™ 80) and sorbitan trioleate -- MMR measles mumps rubella vaccine -- MRI magnetic resonance imaging -- MS multiple sclerosis -- MSL Multiple Sleep Latency Test -- NACI National Advisory Committee on Immunization (Canada) -- OR odds ratio -- ORS oculorespiratory syndrome -- PCR polymerase chain reaction -- PCV13 pneumococcal conjugate vaccine-13 valent -- PRISM FDAPostlicensure Rapid Immunization Safety Monitoring -- QIV quadrivalent (inactivated) influenza vaccine -- RI relative incidence -- RR relative risk -- SCCS self-controlled case series -- TIV trivalent (inactivated) influenza vaccine -- TM transverse myelitis -- VAERS vaccine adverse event reporting system -- VAESCO Vaccine Adverse Events Surveillance and Communications Consortium -- VSD Vaccine Safety Datalink; Influenza -- Influenza vaccine -- Vaccine safety -- Local reactions following IIV -- Cellulitis-like reactions -- Hypersensitivity reactions -- Fever -- Febrile seizures -- Malaise -- Myalgia -- Inflammatory arthritis -- Guillain-Barre syndrome -- ADEM -- Multiple sclerosis -- Narcolepsy -- Bell's palsy -- ITP; Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.080
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-410X

Abstract

Abstract: Most influenza vaccines are generally safe, but influenza vaccines can cause rare serious adverse events. Some adverse events, such as fever and febrile seizures, are more common in children than adults. There can be differences in the safety of vaccines in different populations due to underlying differences in genetic predisposition to the adverse event. Live attenuated vaccines have not been studied adequately in children under 2 years of age to determine the risks of adverse events; more studies are needed to address this and several other priority safety issues with all influenza vaccines in children. All vaccines intended for use in children require safety testing in the target age group, especially in young children. Safety of one influenza vaccine in children should not be extrapolated to assumed safety of all influenza vaccines in children. The low rates of adverse events from influenza vaccines should not be a deterrent to the use of influenza vaccines because of the overwhelming evidence of the burden of disease due to influenza in children.