Adenosine signaling in diabetes mellitus and associated cardiovascular and renal complications. (June 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Peleli, Maria; Carlstrom, Mattias
• Is Part Of: Molecular aspects of medicine. Volume 55(2017)
• Page Start: 62
• Page End: 74
• Publication Date: 2017-06
• Subjects: Adenosine -- Diabetes -- Cardiovascular -- Renal -- Inflammation -- Oxidative stress -- Metabolism; Akt Protein Kinase B -- ARE antioxidant response element -- ATP adenosine triphosphate -- ADP adenosine diphosphate -- AMP adenosine monophosphate -- AMPK 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase -- ADA adenosine deaminase -- cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate -- CRP C-reactive protein -- ELAM-1 endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule-1 -- FFA free fatty acids -- Gi G protein inhibitory -- Gs G protein stimulatory -- eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate -- IL-1β interleukin 1-beta -- MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein-1 -- NF-κB nuclear factor kappa B -- NO nitric oxide -- NOX nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase -- PKA protein kinase A -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- SREBP-1 sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 -- T2D type 2 diabetes -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha -- VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 -- VAT visceral adipose tissue; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Médecine -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 612.015
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.12.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0098-2997

Abstract

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, and subsequent hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, which results from defects in pancreatic islet beta-cells insulin secretion and/or decreased insulin sensitivity in metabolically active organs ( i.e. liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue). Accumulating evidence highlights a critical role for the adenosine system in the regulation of insulin and glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Adenosine is a key diverse extracellular signaling molecule that regulates several aspects of tissue function by activating four G-protein-coupled receptors ( i.e. A1, A2A, A2B and A3 receptors). Moreover, adenosine receptor signaling plays a critical role in inflammation, immune system, and oxidative stress, factors that are also important in metabolic disorders. This review discusses the role of the adenosine receptor system in the development or progression of diabetes mellitus, with specific focus on T2D, and associated complications linked to the cardiovascular and renal systems.