Activation of MMP-9 activity by acrolein in saliva from patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome and its mechanism. (July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Uemura, Takeshi; Suzuki, Takehiro; Saiki, Ryotaro; Dohmae, Naoshi; Ito, Satoshi; Takahashi, Hoyu; Toida, Toshihiko; Kashiwagi, Keiko; Igarashi, Kazuei
• Is Part Of: International journal of biochemistry & cell biology. Volume 88(2017)
• Page Start: 84
• Page End: 91
• Publication Date: 2017-07
• Subjects: APMA 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate -- MMP-9 matrix metalloproteinase-9 -- PC-Acro protein-conjugated acrolein -- pSS primary Sjögren's syndrome; Acrolein conjugation -- Activation of 92 kDa MMP-9 (matrix metalloproteinase-9) -- Cysteine switch -- Propeptide domain -- Primary Sjögren's syndrome; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cell Biology -- Periodicals; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Cytologie -- Périodiques; Biochimie; Cytologie; Biochemistry; Cytology; Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Periodicals; 572.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2017.05.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1357-2725

Abstract

Highlights: MMP-9 activity in saliva of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients was examined. The specific activity of MMP-9 in saliva was elevated about 2.4-fold in pSS patients. The increase in MMP-9 activity was due to acrolein-conjugation with Cys99. Acrolein-conjugation at Cys99 caused the active site of MMP-9 to be exposed. Activated 82 and 68 kDa MMP-9 s were not detected in saliva of pSS patients. Abstract: We have recently reported that the altered recognition patterns of immunoglobulins due to acrolein conjugation are at least partially responsible for autoimmune diseases in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). In the current study, it was found that the specific activity (activity/ng protein) of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in saliva was elevated about 2.4-fold in pSS patients. Accordingly, it was examined whether MMP-9 is activated by acrolein. It was found that the MMP-9 with 92 kDa molecular weight was activated by acrolein. Under the conditions studied, Cys99, located in the propeptide, was conjugated with acrolein together with Cys230, 244, 302, 314, 329, 347, 361, 373, 388 and 516, which are located in fibronectin repeats and glycosyl domains, but not on the active site of MMP-9. In addition, 82 and 68 kDa constructs of MMP-9s, lacking the NH2 -terminal domain that contains Cys99, were not activated by acrolein. The results suggest that acrolein conjugation at Cys99 caused the active site of MMP-9 to be exposed. Activation of MMP-9 by acrolein was inhibited by cysteine, and slightly by lysine, because these amino acids inhibited acrolein conjugation with MMP-9. Conversely, MMP-9 activity in the presence of 50 μM acrolein was enhanced by 100 μM histidine. This was due to the inhibition of acrolein conjugation with His405 and 411 located at the Zn 2+ binding site of MMP-9. These results suggest that activation of 92 kDa MMP-9 by acrolein is involved in tissue damage in pSS patients and is regulated by cysteine and histidine, and slightly by lysine. Activated 82 and 68 kDa MMP-9 s were not detected in saliva of pSS patients by Western blotting.