The close to home effect in road crashes. (October 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Burdett, Bridget R.D.; Starkey, Nicola J.; Charlton, Samuel G.
• Is Part Of: Safety science. Volume 98(2017)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 8
• Publication Date: 2017-10
• Subjects: Crash risk -- Familiarity -- Driver behaviour -- Exposure -- Attention; Industrial accidents -- Periodicals; Accident Prevention -- Periodicals; Safety -- Periodicals; Travail -- Accidents -- Périodiques; 363.11
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2017.04.009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0925-7535

Abstract

Highlights: Injury crashes are over-represented on roads close to home, even when controlling for exposure. The close to home effect holds for male and female drivers of all ages. Novice drivers are the only group not to show a close to home effect. The close to home effect may be related to complacency when driving on familiar roads. Abstract: The notion that most crashes happen close to home has been repeated so often it has come to be an accepted truth. Despite this, to our knowledge there have not been any studies to date which have adequately accounted for rates of exposure in drawing conclusions concerning relative crash risk and distance from home. We addressed this gap by using data representative of all travel (from the New Zealand Household Travel Survey) and crashes in New Zealand, by New Zealand drivers, from 1 July 2013 to 30 June 2014. Trip origins, destinations and driver home address were used to convert 31, 102 trips into travel exposure on roads at increasing distance from home. Travel data were compared with crash distance from home for 6, 295 injury crashes involving 9, 315 drivers. Analysis showed that on average, drivers were indeed more likely to crash close to home. Roads within 11 km (6.8 miles) of home accounted for half of all travel and 62% of all crashes. The 'close to home' effect held for male and female drivers. Novice (learner) drivers were the only demographic subgroup to not exhibit the close to home effect. Compared with crashes further away, crashes close to home were more likely to involve alcohol and diverted attention, and less likely to involve driver fatigue. These findings provide a mandate for continued investigation into the science of typical, everyday driving. We contend that behavioural effects associated with driving on familiar roads may be a factor in injury crash risk for experienced drivers.