Development and potential applications of CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology in sarcoma. Issue 1 (1st April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, Tang; Shen, Jacson K.; Li, Zhihong; Choy, Edwin; Hornicek, Francis J.; Duan, Zhenfeng
• Is Part Of: Cancer letters. Volume 373:Issue 1(2016)
• Page Start: 109
• Page End: 118
• Publication Date: 2016-04-01
• Subjects: CRISPR-Cas9 -- Sarcoma -- Cancer modeling -- Gene therapy; Cancer -- Periodicals; Neoplasms -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.01.030
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0304-3835

Abstract

Highlights: CRISPR-Cas9 systems can mediate genome editing, epigenetic regulations, and transcriptome modulations. CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technologies hold extensive application potentials in sarcoma models and gene therapies. CRISPR-Cas9 could be used to explore drug treatment and resistance of sarcoma. Abstract: Sarcomas include some of the most aggressive tumors and typically respond poorly to chemotherapy. In recent years, specific gene fusion/mutations and gene over-expression/activation have been shown to drive sarcoma pathogenesis and development. These emerging genomic alterations may provide targets for novel therapeutic strategies and have the potential to transform sarcoma patient care. The RNA-guided nuclease CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)-associated protein-9 nuclease) is a convenient and versatile platform for site-specific genome editing and epigenome targeted modulation. Given that sarcoma is believed to develop as a result of genetic alterations in mesenchymal progenitor/stem cells, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technologies hold extensive application potentials in sarcoma models and therapies. We review the development and mechanisms of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in genome editing and introduce its application in sarcoma research and potential therapy in clinic. Additionally, we propose future directions and discuss the challenges faced with these applications, providing concise and enlightening information for readers interested in this area.