Granin-derived peptides. (July 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Troger, Josef; Theurl, Markus; Kirchmair, Rudolf; Pasqua, Teresa; Tota, Bruno; Angelone, Tommaso; Cerra, Maria C.; Nowosielski, Yvonne; Mätzler, Raphaela; Troger, Jasmin; Gayen, Jaur R.; Trudeau, Vance; Corti, Angelo; Helle, Karen B.
• Is Part Of: Progress in neurobiology. Volume 154(2017:Jul.)
• Page Start: 37
• Page End: 61
• Publication Date: 2017-07
• Subjects: Cg chromogranin -- SgII secretogranin II -- VS vasostatin -- PST pancreastatin -- CST catestatin -- SN secretoneurin; Chromogranin A -- Chromogranin B -- Secretogranin II -- Vasostatin-I -- Vasostatin-II -- Betagranin -- Pancreastatin -- Catestatin -- Prochromacin -- Chromacin -- WE-14 -- Parastatin -- GE-25 -- Serpinins -- Secretolytin -- Secretoneurin -- EM66 -- Manserin -- Proteolytic processing -- Multifunctional effects -- Homeostatic regulations -- Vascular integrity -- Angiogenesis -- Myocardial protections -- Inflammatory conditions -- Innate immunity -- Inhibition of tumor growth; Neurobiology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurobiologie -- Périodiques; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.04.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0301-0082

Abstract

Highlights: The chromogranins are proteolytically processed. The processing leads to the generation of peptides. Among them, VS, CST, PST and SN are biologically highly active. For several other peptides the function must be explored. Abstract: The granin family comprises altogether 7 different proteins originating from the diffuse neuroendocrine system and elements of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The family is dominated by three uniquely acidic members, namely chromogranin A (CgA), chromogranin B (CgB) and secretogranin II (SgII). Since the late 1980s it has become evident that these proteins are proteolytically processed, intragranularly and/or extracellularly into a range of biologically active peptides; a number of them with regulatory properties of physiological and/or pathophysiological significance. The aim of this comprehensive overview is to provide an up-to-date insight into the distribution and properties of the well established granin-derived peptides and their putative roles in homeostatic regulations. Hence, focus is directed to peptides derived from the three main granins, e.g. to the chromogranin A derived vasostatins, betagranins, pancreastatin and catestatins, the chromogranin B-derived secretolytin and the secretogranin II-derived secretoneurin (SN). In addition, the distribution and properties of the chromogranin A-derived peptides prochromacin, chromofungin, WE14, parastatin, GE-25 and serpinins, the CgB-peptide PE-11 and the SgII-peptides EM66 and manserin will also be commented on. Finally, the opposing effects of the CgA-derived vasostatin-I and catestatin and the SgII-derived peptide SN on the integrity of the vasculature, myocardial contractility, angiogenesis in wound healing, inflammatory conditions and tumors will be discussed.