Humanized chimeric mouse models of hepatitis B virus infection. (June 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sun, Suwan; Li, Jun
• Is Part Of: International journal of infectious diseases. Volume 59(2017:Jun.)
• Page Start: 131
• Page End: 136
• Publication Date: 2017-06
• Subjects: HBV hepatitis B virus -- cccDNA covalently closed circular DNA -- SCID severe combined immunodeficiency -- alb-uPA albumin-promoted urokinase-type plasminogen activator -- RAG2 recombinant activation gene 2 -- RI repopulation index -- FAH fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase -- FRG FAH-/-RAG2-/-IL2Rγ-/- -- NTBC 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoro-methylbenzoyl) 1, 3-cyclohexedione -- TK-NOG thymidine kinase transgene in NOD/SCID/IL2Rγ-/- -- HSVtk herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase -- IFN interferon -- HSC haematapoietic stem cell -- FKBP FK506 binding protein -- HPCs hepatic progenitor cells -- A2/NSG NOD/SCID/IL2Rγ-/- with HLA-A2 transgene -- HLCs hepatocyte-like cells -- ESCs embryonic stem cells -- iPSCs induced pluripotent stem cells -- MSCs mesenchymal stem cells -- hBMSCs human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells -- FHF fulminant hepatic failure; Hepatitis B virus -- humanized chimeric mouse -- stem cells -- immunocomptent system; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.04.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1201-9712

Abstract

Abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with an increased risk of hepatic cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, fulminant hepatitis and end-stage hepatic failure. Despite the availability of anti-HBV therapies, HBV infection remains a major global public health problem. Developing an ideal animal model of HBV infection to clarify the details of the HBV replication process, the viral life cycle, the resulting immunoresponse and the precise pathogenesis of HBV is difficult because HBV has an extremely narrow host range and almost exclusively infects humans. In this review, we summarize and evaluate animal models available for studying HBV infection, especially focusing on humanized chimeric mouse models, and we discuss future development trends regarding immunocompetent humanized mouse models that can delineate the natural history and immunopathophysiology of HBV infection. Highlights: The immune response plays a critical role in HBV clearance and pathogenesis. Developing dual humanized mice is needed to model natural history of HBV infection. Stem cells transplantation may useful to develop dual humanized mice.