Untranslated regions (UTRs) orchestrate translation reprogramming in cellular stress responses. (April 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sajjanar, Basavaraj; Deb, Rajib; Raina, Susheel Kumar; Pawar, Sachin; Brahmane, Manoj P.; Nirmale, Avinash V.; Kurade, Nitin P.; Manjunathareddy, Gundallahalli B.; Bal, Santanu Kumar; Singh, Narendra Pratap
• Is Part Of: Journal of thermal biology. Volume 65(2016)
• Page Start: 69
• Page End: 75
• Publication Date: 2017-04
• Subjects: Stress responses -- Translation regulation -- RNA motifs -- Stress granules; Thermobiology -- Periodicals; Temperature -- Periodicals; Biology -- Periodicals; Thermobiologie -- Périodiques; Thermobiology; Periodicals; 571.46
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.02.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0306-4565

Abstract

Abstract: Stress is the result of an organism's interaction with environmental challenges. Regulations of gene expression including translation modulations are critical for adaptation and survival under stress. Untranslated regions (UTRs) of the transcripts play significant roles in translation regulation and continue to raise many intriguing questions in our understanding of cellular stress physiology. IRES (Internal ribosome entry site) and uORF (upstream open reading frame) mediated alternative translation initiations are emerging as unique mechanisms. Recent studies have revealed novel means of mRNAs stabilization in stress granules and their reversible modifications. Differential regulation of select transcripts is possible by the interplay between the adenine/uridine-rich elements (AREs) in 3'UTR with their binding proteins (AUBP) and by microRNA-mediated effects. Coordination of these various mechanisms control translation and thereby enables appropriate responses to environmental stress. In this review, we focus on the role of sequence signatures both at 5' and 3'UTRs in translation reprogramming during cellular stress responses. Highlights: UTRs play a significant role in cellular stress induced translation regulation. 5'UTR features regulate translation initiation of stress-induced proteins. 3'UTR features regulate half-life of stress-induced transcripts. Deregulation of protein synthesis in stress leads to pathophysiological conditions.