Immunotoxic effects of single and combined pharmaceuticals exposure on a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) B lymphoma cell line. Issue 1 (15th May 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kleinert, Christine; Lacaze, Emilie; Mounier, Méryl; De Guise, Sylvain; Fournier, Michel
• Is Part Of: Marine pollution bulletin. Volume 118:Issue 1/2(2017)
• Page Start: 237
• Page End: 247
• Publication Date: 2017-05-15
• Subjects: Immunotoxicity -- In vitro -- Pharmaceuticals -- Mixture -- Harbor seal -- Cell line; Marine pollution -- Periodicals; Marine Biology -- Periodicals; Water Pollution -- Periodicals; Mer -- Pollution -- Périodiques; Publications périodiques; Pollution des mers; Lutte antipollution; Electronic journals; 363.7394
• DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.02.041
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0025-326X

Abstract

Abstract: The potential risk of pharmaceuticals in the environment to top-predators is still largely unknown. In this study, we assessed the immunotoxic effects of ten pharmaceuticals individually and as mixtures on a harbor seal ( Phoca vitulina ) B lymphoma cell line. A significant reduction in lymphocyte transformation was observed following an exposure to 12, 500 μg/L 17α-ethinyl estradiol and 25, 000 μg/L naproxen. Exposure to 12, 500 μg/L 17α-ethinyl estradiol decreased the percentage of cell in the G0 /G1 phase of the cell cycle while increasing the percentage of cells in the S phase. Carbamazepine exposure increased the amount of cells in the G2 /M phase. Binary mixtures showed synergistic effects in lymphocyte transformation, cell cycle and apoptosis assays. Concentrations inducing toxic effects in the cell line were similar to those affecting fish in previous studies. A reduction of functional activities of the immune system may lead to altered host resistance to pathogens in free-ranging pinnipeds. Graphical abstract: Highlights: First study of the immunotoxicity of pharmaceutical products in a marine mammal cell line. 17α-ethinyl estradiol and naproxen inhibited the seal immune cell line's proliferative response. 17α-ethinyl estradiol and carbamazepine influenced the cell cycle of the seal B lymphoma cell line. Mixtures of pharmaceuticals were found to be more immunotoxic than single compounds.