Time‐Course Analysis of Flow Mediated Dilation for the Evaluation of Endothelial Function After a High‐Fat Meal in African Americans. Issue 11 (November 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Marinos, Alejandro; Celedonio, Jorge E.; Ramirez, Claudia E.; Gottlieb, JoAnn; Gamboa, Alfredo; Hui, Nian; Yu, Chang; Michael Stein, C.; Biaggioni, Italo; Shibao, Cyndya A.
• Is Part Of: Journal of the American Heart Association. Volume 4:Issue 11(2015)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2015-11
• Subjects: African American -- endothelial dysfunction -- high fat diet -- obesity; Heart -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Cardiovascular system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Cerebrovascular disease -- Periodicals; Cardiology -- Periodicals; 616.1
• DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002388
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2047-9980

Abstract

Abstract : Background: Flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) is used to assess endothelial function through changes in vascular diameter after hyperemia. High‐fat meal (HFM) has been shown to induce endothelial dysfunction; recent studies, however, reported conflicting results in obese African American women (AAW). Differences in the method used to analyze FMD may explain these discrepancies. Methods and Results: In protocol 1, we assessed the time course of FMD and compared the repeatability of FMD using the individual maximum peak dilation (FMDpeak ) and the dilation at 60 seconds (FMD60 ). Sixteen AAW (age, 42±10.4 years; body mass index [BMI], 39±5.8 kg/m 2 ) were studied on 2 occasions, 4 weeks apart, under fasting conditions (study 1 and study 2). In protocol 2, we used the most repeatable measurement from protocol 1 to assess changes in endothelial function after an HFM in 17 AAW (agen 42±11.1 years; BMIn 38±5.6 kg/m 2 ). We found that FMDpeak was the most repeatable measurement (N=16; study 1, 5.31±3.12% and study 2, 5.80±2.91%; r =0.94). After an HFM, the baseline brachial artery diameter significantly increased at 2 hours (0.10 mm; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01–0.18; P =0.03) and at 4 hours (0.17 mm; 95% CI, 0.09–0.25; P <0.001). At 2 hours, the FMDpeak decreased compared with pre‐HFM (−1.76; 95% CI, −3.55–0.02; P≤ 0.05). Conclusions: The individual's maximum peak dilation after hyperemia is the most consistent measure to assess the effect of an HFM on endothelial function. Endothelial dysfunction occurred at 2 hours after an HFM in AAW. Clinical Trial Registration: URL:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ Unique identifiers: NCT01334554 and NCT02126735.