Toxicology of 3-epi-deoxynivalenol, a deoxynivalenol-transformation product by Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8. (October 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: He, Jian Wei; Bondy, Genevieve S.; Zhou, Ting; Caldwell, Don; Boland, Greg J.; Scott, Peter M.
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 84(2015)
• Page Start: 250
• Page End: 259
• Publication Date: 2015-10
• Subjects: Deoxynivalenol -- Vomitoxin -- DON -- 3-epi-DON -- Cytotoxicity -- BrdU bioassay -- 3T3 fibroblasts cell line -- MTT bioassay -- Caco-2 cell line -- B6C3F1 mouse; 3ADON 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol -- 3-epi-DON 3-epi-deoxynivalenol -- 15ADON 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol -- ATCC American Type Culture Collection -- BA basophils -- BrdU 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine -- DMEM Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium -- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide -- DOM-1 deepoxy-deoxynivalenol -- DON deoxynivalenol -- EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid -- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- EO eosinophils -- HCT hematocrit -- HGB hemoglobin -- HSCCC high-speed counter-current chromatography -- IgA immunoglobulin A -- IgG immunoglobulin G -- IgM immunoglobulin M -- LC50 Lethal concentration 50 -- LY lymphocytes -- MAPKs mitogen-activated protein kinases -- MCH mean cell hemoglobin -- MCHC mean cell hemoglobin concentration -- MCV mean cell volume -- MO monocytes -- MPV mean platelet volume -- MTT 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide -- MW molecular weight -- NE neutrophils -- NIV nivalenol -- PBS phosphate buffered saline -- PLT platelets -- RBC red blood cells -- RDW red cell distribution width -- WBC white blood cells; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.09.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Abstract: Microbial detoxification of deoxynivalenol (DON) represents a new approach to treating DON-contaminated grains. A bacterium Devosia mutans 17-2-E-8 was capable of completely transforming DON into a major product 3- epi -DON and a minor product 3-keto-DON. Evaluation of toxicities of these DON-transformation products is an important part of hazard characterization prior to commercialization of the biotransformation application. Cytotoxicities of the products were demonstrated by two assays: a MTT bioassay assessing cell viability and a BrdU assay assessing DNA synthesis. Compared with DON, the IC50 values of 3- epi -DON and 3-keto-DON were respectively 357 and 3.03 times higher in the MTT bioassay, and were respectively 1181 and 4.54 times higher in the BrdU bioassay. Toxicological effects of 14-day oral exposure of the B6C3F1 mouse to DON and 3- epi -DON were also investigated. Overall, there were no differences between the control (free of toxin) and the 25 mg/kg bw/day or 100 mg/kg bw/day 3- epi -DON treatments in body and organ weights, hematology and organ histopathology. However, in mice exposed to DON (2 mg/kg bw/day), white blood cell numbers and serum immunoglobulin levels were altered relative to controls, and lesions were observed in adrenals, thymus, stomach, spleen and colon. Taken together, in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that 3- epi -DON is substantially less toxic than DON. Highlights: The IC50 value of 3- epi -DON was 357 times higher than DON in a MTT bioassay. The IC50 value of 3- epi -DON was 1181 times higher than that of DON in a BrdU assay. 3- epi -DON was at least 50 times less toxic than DON in B6C3F1 mice.