Extraction, characterization and biological activity of a (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-d-glucan from the pathogenic oomycete Pythium insidiosum. (10th February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tondolo, Juliana S.M.; Ledur, Pauline C.; Loreto, Érico S.; Verdi, Camila M.; Bitencourt, Paula E.R.; de Jesus, Francielli P.K.; Rocha, Jean P.; Alves, Sydney H.; Sassaki, Guilherme L.; Santurio, Janio M.
• Is Part Of: Carbohydrate polymers. Volume 157(2017)
• Page Start: 719
• Page End: 727
• Publication Date: 2017-02-10
• Subjects: Acetone (PubChem CID: 180) -- Chloroform (PubChem CID: 6212) -- Deuterium oxide (PubChem CID: 24602) -- Dimethyl sulfoxide (PubChem CID: 679) -- Dipotassium phosphate (PubChem CID: 180) -- Formic acid (PubChem CID: 284) -- Isopropyl alcohol (PubChem CID: 3776) -- Monopotassium phosphate (PubChem CID: 516951) -- Thimerosal (PubChem CID: 16684434) -- Trifluoroacetic acid (PubChem CID: 66521741); Pythiosis -- Fungal infection -- β-d-Glucan -- Lymphocyte proliferation -- Cytokines -- Th17; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Periodicals; Polysaccharides -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 547.78
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.053
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0144-8617

Abstract

Highlights: A branched (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-d -glucan was extracted from Pythium insidiosum cell wall. (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-d -glucan significantly stimulated the lymphocyte proliferation. P. insidiosum β-d -glucan promoted proliferation and differentiation of Th17 cells. The (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-d -glucan would be expected to exploit as a new immunotherapy. Abstract: Pythiosis is a life-threatening infectious disease caused by the pathogenic oomycete Pythium insidiosum . This study is the first to evaluate the P. insidiosum glucan content and its biological activities. The enzymatic quantification of the glucans in P. insidiosum mycelia showed that the β-glucan content was 18.99% ± 3.59. The cell wall polysaccharide extract consisted of ∼81.7% carbohydrates (exclusively glucose) and ∼18.3% residual amino acids and peptides. The results from monosaccharide composition, methylation and 1D/2D NMR spectroscopy analyses indicated the presence of a highly branched (1, 3)(1, 6)-β-d -glucan, with (1, 6)-β-d -glucopyranosil side-branching unit on average every 1–2 repeat units. In vitro, the β-d -glucan extract could significantly promote spleen lymphocyte proliferation in human, equine and mouse cell cultures. BALB/c mice that were subcutaneously pre-immunized with three doses of 0.5, 2.5 and 5.0 mg of β-glucan/mouse, showed a significant increase in IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-17A production compared to non-immunized mice. These results suggested that β-d -glucan extract induces significant and specific Th17 cellular immune response and provided the theoretical basis for further experiments.