How serotonin receptors regulate morphogenic signalling in neurons. (April 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wirth, Alexander; Holst, Katrin; Ponimaskin, Evgeni
• Is Part Of: Progress in neurobiology. Volume 151(2017:Apr.)
• Page Start: 35
• Page End: 56
• Publication Date: 2017-04
• Subjects: 5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine -- 5-HTT 5-hydroxytryptamine transporter -- AC adenylyl cyclase -- AD Alzheimer's disease -- Akt protein kinase B -- AMPAR α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-mthhyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor -- apCAM Aplysia cell adhesion molecules -- ASD autism spectrum disorders -- ASK1 apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 -- BDNF brain-derived neurotrophic factor -- CA1/3 Cornu Ammonis 1/3 region of hippocampus -- CAM cell adhesion molecule -- CamKII Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II -- cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate -- Cdc42 cell division cycle protein 42 -- Cdk5 cyclin-dependent kinase 5 -- CREB(2) cAMP response element-binding protein -- EPAC exchange protein directly activated by cAMP -- Erk extracellular-regulated kinase -- Fyn fgr/yes related novel gene/protein -- GABA gamma aminobutyric acid GAD65 glutamic acid decarboxylase -- GRK5 GPCR kinase 5 -- IP3 inositol (1, 4, 5)-triphosphate -- Jab1 Jun activation domain-binding protein-1 -- JNK Jun N-terminal kinase -- LIMK-1 LIM domain kinase-1 -- LTD long-term depression -- LTF long-term facilitation -- LTP long-term potentiation -- MAP1B microtubule-associated protein 1B -- MAP2 microtubule-associated protein 2 -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MEK Mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MUPP1 multiple PDZ domain protein 1 -- mGluR metabotropic glutamate receptors -- mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin -- NAc Nucleus accumbens -- NMDA(R) N-methyl-d-aspartate (receptor) -- nRTK non-receptor tyrosine kinase -- N-WASP neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein -- PD Parkinson's disease -- PGC-1α peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1-α -- piRNAs P-element induced wimpy testis protein-interacting RNAs -- PKA protein kinase A -- PKC protein kinase C -- PLA2 phospholipase A2 -- PLC phospholipase C -- PTX pertussis toxin -- Raf rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma kinase -- RGS regulator of G protein signalling -- RhoA Ras homolog gene family member A -- Tph2 tryptophan hydroxylase 2 -- VMAT vesicular monoamine transporter -- VTA Ventral tegmental area; Serotonin receptor -- Neuronal morphology -- Cytoskeleton -- Spinogenesis -- Neuronal diseases; Neurobiology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Neurobiologie -- Périodiques; 612.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.03.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0301-0082

Abstract

Highlights: Serotonin (5-HT) is critically involved in the regulation of multiple physiological and pathophysiological functions in the CNS. 5-HT operates via a heterogenic receptor family comprising fourteen different receptors in mammals. 5-HT is involved in neural development, neurite outgrowth, somatic morphology, growth cone motility, synapto- and spinogenesis. Evidences raise pivotal roles of 5-HT-mediated morphogenic signalling in mental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases (each bullet point starts in bold writing). Abstract: Serotonin (5-hydroxytrympamine or 5-HT) is one of the phylogenetically oldest neurotransmitters, and the serotonergic system is among the earliest developed neuronal systems. Serotonin is critically involved in regulating multiple physiological functions, acting via a heterogenic receptor family that includes G protein-coupled receptors and ligand-gated ion channels. Although serotonergic neurons comprise a widely distributed and complex network that targets nearly every brain structure, serotonin-mediated signalling is under strict temporal and spatial control. Imbalance in serotonergic signalling is implicated in many pathophysiological conditions, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, depression, and anxiety. In addition to its well-established role as a neurotransmitter, serotonin is involved in many aspects of neural development, including neurite outgrowth, somatic morphology regulation, growth cone motility, synaptogenesis, and control of dendritic spine shape and density. The morphogenic effects of serotonin are developmentally regulated, and serotonin availability during sensitive developmental stages can modulate the formation and functions of behaviourally relevant neuronal networks in adulthood. Here we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the morphogenic effects of serotonin elicited by its different receptors in neurons. We also discuss the role of serotonin receptor-mediated morphogenic signalling in the development and maintenance of pathophysiological conditions.