Citrus bergamia powder: Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. (April 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gabriele, Morena; Frassinetti, Stefania; Caltavuturo, Leonardo; Montero, Lidia; Dinelli, Giovanni; Longo, Vincenzo; Di Gioia, Diana; Pucci, Laura
• Is Part Of: Journal of functional foods. Volume 31(2017)
• Page Start: 255
• Page End: 265
• Publication Date: 2017-04
• Subjects: Bergamot fruit -- Endothelial activation and dysfunction -- LPS -- HMEC-1 -- MIC -- Probiotics; Brutieridin, Hesperetin 7-(2″-alpha-rhamnosyl-6″-(3″″-hydroxy-3″″-methylglutaryl)-beta-glucoside) (PubChem CID: 10148556). -- Melitidin (PubChem CID: 101485562). -- Naringin, Naringenin 7-Rhamnoglucoside) (PubChem CID: 25075). -- Neoeriocitrin, Eriodictyol 7-neohesperidoside (PubChem CID: 114627). -- Neohesperidin, Hesperetin 7-neohesperidoside (PubChem CID: 232990).; Functional foods -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Food -- Biotechnology -- Periodicals; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.02.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1756-4646

Abstract

Highlights: Bergamot whole-fruit showed a high in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity. Bergamot extract exerted antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Bergamot extract slightly stimulated gut-beneficial bacteria. Bergamot extract inhibited LPS-induced endothelial activation and dysfunction. Bergamot whole-fruit powder might find use in functional food applications. Abstract: Bergamot whole-fruit powder was analyzed for total polyphenols, flavonoids, flavonols and ascorbic acid content and tested for in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity. The flavonoids profile was further characterized via HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and the most abundant flavonoids were quantified. The antimicrobial activity against potentially pathogenic bacteria and the effect on beneficial gut bacteria were determined. Lastly, we evaluated the effects of bergamot extract on endothelial alterations in LPS-stimulated human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1). Our data demonstrated that bergamot powder possesses in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity, shows a selective inhibition against pathogenic strains and growth stimulation effects on some beneficial gut bacteria. Moreover, it protects HMEC-1 from LPS-induced activation and dysfunction and reduces the resulting endoplasmic reticulum stress. The relationship between isolated flavonoids and the protective effects are discussed. In conclusion, bergamot whole-fruit powder possesses beneficial health effects that makes it a potentially useful material for the nutraceutical industry.