Comparative assessment of single and joint effects of diuron and Irgarol 1051 on Arctic and temperate microalgae using chlorophyll a fluorescence imaging. (May 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kottuparambil, Sreejith; Brown, Murray T.; Park, Jihae; Choi, Soyeon; Lee, Hojun; Choi, Han-Gu; Depuydt, Stephen; Han, Taejun
• Is Part Of: Ecological indicators. Volume 76(2017)
• Page Start: 304
• Page End: 316
• Publication Date: 2017-05
• Subjects: Chl chlorophyll -- F0 minimum fluorescence yield of dark adapted samples -- Fm maximum fluorescence yield of dark adapted samples -- F steady state fluorescence yield -- Fv/Fm maximum quantum yield of PSII -- Y(II) Effective or operational quantum yield of PSII -- NPQ non-photochemical quenching -- rETRmax maximum relative electron transport rate -- ML measuring light -- PS II photosystem II -- QA plastoquinone A -- QB plastoquinone B -- EC50 50% effect concentration -- EC10 10% effect concentration; LOEC lowest observed effect concentration -- NOEC no observed effect concentration -- CI confidence interval -- CV coefficient of variation; Chlamydomonas -- Chlorella -- Diuron -- Irgarol 1051 -- Toxicity -- Polar -- Temperate; Environmental monitoring -- Periodicals; Environmental management -- Periodicals; Environmental impact analysis -- Periodicals; Environmental risk assessment -- Periodicals; Sustainable development -- Periodicals; 333.71405
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.01.024
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1470-160X

Abstract

Abstract: Ship groundings and ice-breakers can cause pollution of the polar environment with antifouling biocides such as diuron and Irgarol 1051. The present study used pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry to compare single and joint toxicities of diuron and Irgarol 1051 on two freshwater taxa of microalgae ( Chlorella and Chlamydomonas ) originating from Arctic and temperate regions. 30 min acute toxicity tests using chlorophyll a (Chl a ) fluorescence revealed that Arctic strains of microalgae were more sensitive to herbicides than their temperate counterparts. Diuron and Irgarol 1051 had equal toxicities in the Arctic species, while Irgarol 1051 was more toxic (EC50 = 5.55–14.70 μg L −1 ) than diuron (EC50 = 12.90–>40 μg L −1 ) in the temperate species. Toxicity assessment of various mixtures of diuron and Irgarol 1051 revealed antagonistic, additive, and synergistic effects. Our data suggest that herbicides can adversely affect photosynthesis in Arctic microalgae at relatively low levels, and their impact can increase under complex mixture conditions.