Production of liquid biofuels (biodiesel and bioethanol) from brown marine macroalgae Padina tetrastromatica. (1st March 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ashokkumar, Veeramuthu; Salim, Mohd Razman; Salam, Zainal; Sivakumar, Pandian; Chong, Cheng Tung; Elumalai, Sanniyasi; Suresh, Veeraperumal; Ani, Farid Nasir
• Is Part Of: Energy conversion and management. Volume 135(2017)
• Page Start: 351
• Page End: 361
• Publication Date: 2017-03-01
• Subjects: Padina tetrastromatica -- Kinetics -- Lipids -- Biodiesel -- ASTM standard -- Bioethanol; Direct energy conversion -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Periodicals; Energy transfer -- Periodicals; Énergie -- Conversion directe -- Périodiques; Direct energy conversion; Periodicals; 621.3105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.12.054
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0196-8904

Abstract

Highlights: Integrated concept of biofuels production from brown macroalgae P. tetrastromatica . The activation energy was determined as Ea = 34.314 kJ mol −1 . Brown marine alga produced 7.8% of biodiesel by acid and alkali transesterification. The fuel properties of Padina biodiesel meet the ASTM specifications. Spent biomass of Padina yields 16.1% of bioethanol after fermentation process. Abstract: In this study, an integrated biomass conversion concept of producing liquid biofuels from brown marine macroalga Padina tetrastromatica was investigated. The algal biomass was collected from the Mandapam coastal region and processed under laboratory. Various parameters were studied to extract crude lipids from the biomass. A kinetic study was conducted for extracting the lipids from the biomass, which follows the first order kinetics and the lipid yield was 8.15 wt.%. The activation energy; Ea = 34.314 kJ mol −1 and their thermodynamic parameters were determined. Since the crude algal lipids contain high amount of free fatty acids, a sequential transesterification technique was examined and 7.8% of biodiesel (78 mg/g algal biomass) yield was obtained. The biodiesel was analyzed by 1 H and 13 C–NMR spectroscopy and the conversion yield was estimated. Further, the biodiesel fuel properties were investigated and found that all the features fit the required ASTM D6751 specification limits. The residual biomass after lipid extraction was further explored for bioethanol production through the anaerobic fermentation process. The ethanol yield obtained after saccharification and fermentation were estimated and 161 mg/g residue biomass was reported. The theoretical yield of conversion of hydrolysate to bioethanol was estimated and found to be 83.4%. Therefore, this study demonstrates that macroalga P. tetrastromatica biomass has great potential to produce liquid biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol.