Aldosterone Induces Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 Expression and Further Contributes to Collagen Accumulation: From Clinical to Bench Studies. Issue 6 (June 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hung, Chi-Sheng; Chou, Chia-Hung; Liao, Che-Wei; Lin, Yen-Tin; Wu, Xue-Ming; Chang, Yi-Yao; Chen, Ying-Hsien; Wu, Vin-Cent; Su, Ming-Jai; Ho, Yi-Lwun; Chen, Ming-Fong; Wu, Kwan-Dun; Lin, Yen-Hung
• Is Part Of: Hypertension. Volume 67:Issue 6(2016:Jun.)
• Publication Date: 2016-06
• Subjects: aldosterone -- collagen -- fibroblasts -- glucocorticoid receptor -- tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1; Hypertension -- Periodicals; Hypertension -- Treatment -- Periodicals; 616.132005
• DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06768
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0194-911X

Abstract

Abstract : Aldosterone induces myocardial fibrosis. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) is a key factor of myocardial fibrosis. This study tested the hypothesis that aldosterone induces TIMP-1 expression and contributes to the fibrotic process. We prospectively enrolled 54 patients with primary aldosteronism, and measured plasma TIMP-1 and echocardiographic parameters. In the cell study, we investigated the possible molecular mechanism by which aldosterone induces TIMP-1 secretion and the effects on collagen accumulation. In the animal study, we measured serum TIMP-1 levels, cardiac TIMP-1 levels, and cardiac structure in an aldosterone infusion mouse model using implantation of aldosterone pellets. In patients with primary aldosteronism, plasma TIMP-1 was correlated with 24-hour urinary aldosterone, left ventricular mass, and impairment of left ventricular diastolic function. In human cardiac fibroblasts, TIMP-1 protein and mRNA expressions were significantly increased by aldosterone through the glucocorticoid receptor/PI3K/Akt/nuclear factor-κB pathway. TIMP-1 small-interfering RNA significantly reduced aldosterone-induced collagen accumulation, and aldosterone did not alter the levels of collagen1a1 or matrix metalloproteinase-1 mRNA. The aldosterone-induced TIMP-1 expression was inversely related to matrix metalloproteinase-1 activity. Furthermore, in the animal model, the serum and cardiac levels of TIMP-1 were significantly elevated in the mice that received aldosterone infusion. This elevation was blocked by RU-486 but not by eplerenone, suggesting that the effect was through glucocorticoid receptors. In a long-term aldosterone infusion model, serum TIMP-1 was associated with serum aldosterone level, cardiac structure, and fibrosis. In conclusion, aldosterone induced TIMP-1 expression in vivo and in vitro. This increased TIMP-1 expression resulted in enhanced collagen accumulation via the suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 activity. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.