A Cell‐Based Self‐Assembly Approach for the Production of Human Osseous Tissues from Adipose‐Derived Stromal/Stem Cells. Issue 4 (22nd December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Galbraith, Todd; Clafshenkel, William P.; Kawecki, Fabien; Blanckaert, Camille; Labbé, Benoit; Fortin, Michel; Auger, François A.; Fradette, Julie
• Is Part Of: Advanced healthcare materials. Volume 6:Issue 4(2017)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2016-12-22
• Subjects: adipose -- mesenchymal stem cells -- osteogenesis -- self‐assembly -- tissue engineering; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600889
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2192-2640

Abstract

Abstract : Achieving optimal bone defect repair is a clinical challenge driving intensive research in the field of bone tissue engineering. Many strategies focus on seeding graft materials with progenitor cells prior to in vivo implantation. Given the benefits of closely mimicking tissue structure and function with natural materials, the authors hypothesize that under specific culture conditions, human adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells (hASCs) can solely be used to engineer human reconstructed osseous tissues (hROTs) by undergoing osteoblastic differentiation with concomitant extracellular matrix production and mineralization. Therefore, the authors are developing a self‐assembly methodology allowing the production of such osseous tissues. Three‐dimensional (3D) tissues reconstructed from osteogenically‐induced cell sheets contain abundant collagen type I and are 2.7‐fold less contractile compared to non‐osteogenically induced tissues. In particular, hROT differentiation and mineralization is reflected by a greater amount of homogenously distributed alkaline phosphatase, as well as higher calcium‐containing hydroxyapatite ( P < 0.0001) and osteocalcin ( P < 0.0001) levels compared to non‐induced tissues. Taken together, these findings show that hASC‐driven tissue engineering leads to hROTs that demonstrate structural and functional characteristics similar to native osseous tissue. These highly biomimetic human osseous tissues will advantageously serve as a platform for molecular studies as well as for future therapeutic in vivo translation. Abstract : The challenge of treating damaged bone in the clinical setting requires engineered tissues that closely replicate healthy bone and stimulate timely repair. Here, the authors recreate human reconstructed osseous tissues solely using adipose‐derived stem/stromal cells, cultured with ascorbic acid and an osteogenic cocktail. These tissues contain a collagen‐dense human matrix and exhibit alkaline phosphatase activity, mineral deposition, and osteocalcin levels.