Multiple Sensory‐Motor Pathways Lead to Coordinated Visual Attention. (25th March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B.
• Is Part Of: Cognitive science. Volume 41(2017)Supplement 1
• Page Start: 5
• Page End: 31
• Publication Date: 2016-03-25
• Subjects: Joint attention -- Eye tracking -- Coordinated behavior -- Eye‐hand coordination -- Embodied cognition -- Early development; Cognition -- Periodicals; Psycholinguistics -- Periodicals; Artificial intelligence -- Periodicals; 153.05
• DOI: 10.1111/cogs.12366
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0364-0213

Abstract

Abstract: Joint attention has been extensively studied in the developmental literature because of overwhelming evidence that the ability to socially coordinate visual attention to an object is essential to healthy developmental outcomes, including language learning. The goal of this study was to understand the complex system of sensory‐motor behaviors that may underlie the establishment of joint attention between parents and toddlers. In an experimental task, parents and toddlers played together with multiple toys. We objectively measured joint attention—and the sensory‐motor behaviors that underlie it—using a dual head‐mounted eye‐tracking system and frame‐by‐frame coding of manual actions. By tracking the momentary visual fixations and hand actions of each participant, we precisely determined just how often they fixated on the same object at the same time, the visual behaviors that preceded joint attention and manual behaviors that preceded and co‐occurred with joint attention. We found that multiple sequential sensory‐motor patterns lead to joint attention. In addition, there are developmental changes in this multi‐pathway system evidenced as variations in strength among multiple routes. We propose that coordinated visual attention between parents and toddlers is primarily a sensory‐motor behavior. Skill in achieving coordinated visual attention in social settings—like skills in other sensory‐motor domains—emerges from multiple pathways to the same functional end.