Winter Wheat Yield, Quality, and Nitrogen Removal Following Compost- or Manure-Fertilized Sugarbeet. Issue 1 (2nd January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lehrsch, G. A.; Brown, B.; Lentz, R. D.; Johnson-Maynard, J. L.; Leytem, A. B.
• Is Part Of: Communications in soil science and plant analysis. Volume 48:Issue 1(2017)
• Page Start: 124
• Page End: 138
• Publication Date: 2017-01-02
• Subjects: Dairy manure -- grain yield -- nitrogen uptake -- nutrient management -- organic fertilizer -- protein -- small grain -- urea; Soil science -- Periodicals; Plants -- Chemical analysis -- Periodicals; Agricultural chemistry -- Periodicals; 631.405
• DOI: 10.1080/00103624.2016.1254233
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0010-3624

Abstract

ABSTRACT: To efficiently use nitrogen (N) while protecting water quality, one must know how a second-year crop, without further N fertilization, responds in years following a manure application. In an Idaho field study of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) following organically fertilized sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.), we determined the residual (second-year) effects of fall-applied solid dairy manure, either stockpiled or composted, on wheat yield, biomass N, protein, and grain N removal. Along with a no-N control and urea (202 kg N ha −1 ), first-year treatments included compost (218 and 435 kg estimated available N ha −1 ) and manure (140 and 280 kg available N ha −1 ). All materials were incorporated into a Greenleaf silt loam (Xeric Calciargid) at Parma in fall 2002 and 2003 prior to planting first-year sugarbeet. Second-year wheat grain yield was similar among urea and organic N sources that applied optimal amounts of plant-available N to the preceding year's sugarbeet, thus revealing no measurable second-year advantage for organic over conventional N sources. Both organic amendments applied at high rates to the preceding year's sugarbeet produced greater wheat yields (compost in 2004 and manure in 2005) than urea applied at optimal N rates. On average, second-year wheat biomass took up 49% of the inorganic N remaining in organically fertilized soil after sugarbeet harvest. Applying compost or manure at greater than optimum rates for sugarbeet may increase second-year wheat yield but increase N losses as well. Abbreviations CNS, carbon–nitrogen–sulfur