Opening the s-triazine ring and biuret hydrolysis during conversion of atrazine by Frankia sp. strain EuI1c. (February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rehan, Medhat; El Fadly, Gomaah; Farid, Mona; El sharkawy, Aml; Fränzle, Stefan; Ullrich, René; Kellner, Harald; Hofrichter, Martin
• Is Part Of: International biodeterioration & biodegradation. Volume 117(2017)
• Page Start: 14
• Page End: 21
• Publication Date: 2017-02
• Subjects: Frankia -- s-triazine ring-cleavage -- Reverse genetics -- qRT PCR; atzD Atrazine D -- trzD Triazine D -- atzE Atrazine E -- trzE Triazine E -- LC-MS Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- AtzDEF Atrazine gene D, E and F -- TrzDEF Tirazine gene D, E and F -- atzR Atrazine R -- trzN Triazine N -- qRT-PCR Quantitative real Time-polymerase chain reaction -- mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid -- MOPS 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid -- DEA Desethylatrazine -- DEDIA Desethyl-desisopropylatrazine; Biodegradation -- Periodicals; Bioremediation -- Periodicals; Biodegradation -- Periodicals; Biodégradation -- Périodiques; Biorestauration -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 620.11223
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ibiod.2016.11.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0964-8305

Abstract

Abstract: Three genes have been identified through sequence analysis to encode putative AtzD/TrzD and AtzE enzymes and a TrzR transcriptional regulator via deduced amino acid sequences of functional AtzD/TrzD and/or AtzE published in the literature via a query sequence for homologues at the protein level using BLASTP. The operon was predicted to encode an s -triazine ring-opening amidohydrolase, TrzD (FraEuI1c_3137) and a GntR family transcriptional regulator, TrzR (FraEuI1c_3136), which may regulate the expression of ring-cleavage enzyme whereas the putative atzE (FraEuI1c_1007) gene encodes aspartyl/glutamyl-tRNA (Asn/Gln) amidotransferase subunit A in the course of s -triazine degradation by Frankia strain EuI1c. LC-MS analysis of Frankia sp EuI1c culture filtrates grown in the presence of atrazine or desethyl-desisopropylatrazine revealed a metabolite with a molecular ion (major peak) of m / z 102.7, which was identified as biuret. The trzD (FraEuI1c_3137) gene expression increased up to 4.7-fold in its abundance under 2 mM atrazine exposure when qRT-PCR was applied. Moreover, the mRNA level of the putative trzR (FraEuI1c_3136) gene that is proposed to regulate the gene function of FraEuI1c_3137 exhibited a dose-response and peaked at 2 mM atrazine with a 6.5 fold-increased mRNA level. The putative atzE (FraEuI1c_1007) mRNA level exhibited dose-respond and upregulated up to 10-fold change under the same stress dose.