In vitro effect of 4-nonylphenol on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulated hormone secretion, cell viability and reactive oxygen species generation in mice Leydig cells. (March 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jambor, Tomáš; Tvrdá, Eva; Tušimová, Eva; Kováčik, Anton; Bistáková, Jana; Forgács, Zsolt; Lukáč, Norbert
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 222(2017)
• Page Start: 219
• Page End: 225
• Publication Date: 2017-03
• Subjects: 4-nonylphenol -- Human chorionic gonadotropin -- Hormones -- Viability -- Reactive oxygen species; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.053
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: Nonylphenol is considered an endocrine disruptor and has been reported to affect male reproductive functions. In our in vitro study, we evaluated the effects of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) on cholesterol levels, hormone formation and viability in cultured Leydig cells from adult ICR male mice. We also determined the potential impact of 4-NP on generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after 44 h of cultivation. The cells were cultured with addition of 0.04; 0.2; 1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 μg/mL of 4-NP in the present of 1 IU/mL human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and compared to the control. The quantity of cholesterol was determined from culture medium using photometry. Determination of hormone production was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Metabolic activity assay was used for quantification of cell viability. The chemiluminescence technique, which uses a luminometer to measure reactive oxygen species, was employed. Applied doses of 4-NP (0.04–5.0 μg/mL) slight increase cholesterol levels and decrease production of dehydroepiandrosterone after 44 h of cultivation, but not significantly. Incubation of 4-NP treated cells with hCG significantly (P < 0.001) inhibited androstenedione, but not testosterone, formation at the highest concentration (5.0 μg/mL). The viability was significantly (P < 0.05); (P < 0.001) increased at 1.0; 2.5 and 5.0 μg/mL of 4-NP after 44 h treatment. Furthermore, 44 h treatment of 4-NP (0.04–5.0 μg/mL) caused significant (P < 0.001) intracellular accumulation of ROS in exposed cells. Taken together, the results of our in vitro study reported herein is consistent with the conclusion that 4-nonylphenol is able to influence hormonal profile, cell viability and generate ROS. Graphical abstract: Highlights: 4-nonylphenol decrease production of dehydropiandrosterone after 44 h of cultivation. 4-nonylphenol significantly inhibited androstenedione formation after 44 h. 4-nonylphenol decrease testosterone secretion, but not significantly after 44 h Leydig cells viability was significantly increased after 44 h treatment. 44 h treatment of 4-nonylphenol caused significant intracellular accumulation of ROS. Abstract : Tomas Jambor-study design and experiments (MTT, ROS, hormone analysis) Eva Tvrdá-experiments (ROS) and revisions, Eva Tušimová-, hormone analysis, Anton Kováčik-cholesterol measurements, Jana Bistáková-statistics, Zsolt Forgács-study design, Norbert Lukáč-revisions, editions, study conception.