A mechanism for the production of ultrafine particles from concrete fracture. (March 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jabbour, Nassib; Rohan Jayaratne, E.; Johnson, Graham R.; Alroe, Joel; Uhde, Erik; Salthammer, Tunga; Cravigan, Luke; Faghihi, Ehsan Majd; Kumar, Prashant; Morawska, Lidia
• Is Part Of: Environmental pollution. Volume 222(2017)
• Page Start: 175
• Page End: 181
• Publication Date: 2017-03
• Subjects: Ultrafine particles -- Concrete -- Secondary particles -- Airborne dust -- Urban pollution; Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Pollution -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Effets physiologiques -- Périodiques; Pollution; Pollution -- Environmental aspects; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 363.73
• DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.12.059
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-7491

Abstract

Abstract: While the crushing of concrete gives rise to large quantities of coarse dust, it is not widely recognized that this process also emits significant quantities of ultrafine particles. These particles impact not just the environments within construction activities but those in entire urban areas. The origin of these ultrafine particles is uncertain, as existing theories do not support their production by mechanical processes. We propose a hypothesis for this observation based on the volatilisation of materials at the concrete fracture interface. The results from this study confirm that mechanical methods can produce ultrafine particles (UFP) from concrete, and that the particles are volatile. The ultrafine mode was only observed during concrete fracture, producing particle size distributions with average count median diameters of 27, 39 and 49 nm for the three tested concrete samples. Further volatility measurements found that the particles were highly volatile, showing between 60 and 95% reduction in the volume fraction remaining by 125 °C. An analysis of the volatile fraction remaining found that different volatile material is responsible for the production of particles between the samples. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Concrete crushers produce significant quantities of ultrafine particles. These particles are formed during the fracture process. They are not formed when two concrete surfaces impact. The particles are volatile in nature. Abstract : For the first time, we investigate the nature and origin of ultrafine particles released during the fracture of concrete.