Molecular and serological markers of Leishmania donovani infection in healthy individuals from endemic areas of Bihar, India. Issue 5 (7th March 2013)
- Record Type:
- Journal Article
- Title:
- Molecular and serological markers of Leishmania donovani infection in healthy individuals from endemic areas of Bihar, India. Issue 5 (7th March 2013)
- Main Title:
- Molecular and serological markers of Leishmania donovani infection in healthy individuals from endemic areas of Bihar, India
- Authors:
- Srivastava, Pankaj
Gidwani, Kamlesh
Picado, Albert
Van der Auwera, Gert
Tiwary, Puja
Ostyn, Bart
Dujardin, Jean‐Claude
Boelaert, Marleen
Sundar, Shyam - Abstract:
- Abstract: Objectives: Recent epidemiological reports indicate that asymptomatic human infections with Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis or Kala‐azar (KA), occur frequently in India. We explored markers of infection. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 286 healthy subjects from 16 villages in the Muzaffarpur district of Bihar. These individuals were classified into three groups: (i) persons with no history of KA and living in a house where no KA cases were previously reported, (ii) persons with no history of KA but living in a house where KA cases were diagnosed at the time of sampling or in the past, and (iii) successfully treated KA patients. Each sample was tested using a Leishmania‐ specific PCR to detect Leishmania DNA, and two serological tests to demonstrate anti‐ Leishmania antibodies: the Direct Agglutination Test and rK39 ELISA. Results: PCR positivity was similar among the three groups (20–25%). In contrast, among treated patients, the percentage of serologically positive individuals was roughly five times that of healthy individuals with no KA history, as measured with either test. Living in a house where KA had been reported did not affect seropositivity. Conclusion: A significant proportion of asymptomatic infections of Leishmania exist in endemic regions. Using a combination of molecular and serological tests increases the capacity to detect infections at different stages. Further work is required to understand theAbstract: Objectives: Recent epidemiological reports indicate that asymptomatic human infections with Leishmania donovani, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis or Kala‐azar (KA), occur frequently in India. We explored markers of infection. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 286 healthy subjects from 16 villages in the Muzaffarpur district of Bihar. These individuals were classified into three groups: (i) persons with no history of KA and living in a house where no KA cases were previously reported, (ii) persons with no history of KA but living in a house where KA cases were diagnosed at the time of sampling or in the past, and (iii) successfully treated KA patients. Each sample was tested using a Leishmania‐ specific PCR to detect Leishmania DNA, and two serological tests to demonstrate anti‐ Leishmania antibodies: the Direct Agglutination Test and rK39 ELISA. Results: PCR positivity was similar among the three groups (20–25%). In contrast, among treated patients, the percentage of serologically positive individuals was roughly five times that of healthy individuals with no KA history, as measured with either test. Living in a house where KA had been reported did not affect seropositivity. Conclusion: A significant proportion of asymptomatic infections of Leishmania exist in endemic regions. Using a combination of molecular and serological tests increases the capacity to detect infections at different stages. Further work is required to understand the kinetics of the markers. Abstract : Objectifs: De récents rapports épidémiologiques indiquent que les infections humaines asymptomatiques à L eishmania donovani, l'agent causal de la leishmaniose viscérale ou Kala‐azar (KA), se produisent fréquemment en Inde. Nous avons exploré les marqueurs de l'infection. Méthodes: Des échantillons sanguins ont été prélevés chez 286 sujets sains issus de 16 villages dans le district de Muzaffarpur dans le Bihar. Ces individus ont été classés en 3 groupes: (1) personnes sans antécédents de KA et vivant dans une maison où aucun cas de KA n'a précédemment été rapporté, (2) personnes sans antécédents de KA mais vivant dans une maison où des cas de KA ont été diagnostiqués au moment de l'échantillonnage ou dans le passé, (3) patients KA traités avec succès. Chaque échantillon a été testé en utilisant une PCR spécifique pour détecter l'ADN de L eishmania et deux tests sérologiques pour la détection des anticorps anti‐ L eishmania : le test d'agglutination directe et l'ELISA rK39. Résultats: Les résultats positifs à la PCR étaient similaires dans les trois groupes (20–25%). En revanche, chez les patients traités, le pourcentage de personnes sérologiquement positives était environ cinq fois supérieur à celui des sujets sains sans antécédents de KA, tel que mesuré avec les deux tests. Vivre dans une maison où le KA avait été signalé n'affectait pas la séropositivité. Conclusion: Une proportion importante d'infections asymptomatiques à L eishmania existe dans les régions endémiques. L'utilisant d'une combinaison de tests moléculaires et sérologiques augmente la capacité de détecter les infections à différents stades. Des travaux supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour comprendre la cinétique des marqueurs. Abstract : Objetivos: Informes epidemiológicos recientes indican que las infecciones asintomáticas con L eishmania donovani, el agente causal de la leishmaniasis visceral o Kala‐azar (KA), ocurren frecuentemente en India. Hemos investigado los marcadores de infección. Métodos: Se recolectaron muestras de sangre de 286 sujetos sanos, pertenecientes a 16 poblados del distrito de Muzaffarpur, en Bihar. Estos individuos se clasificaron en 3 grupos: (1) personas sin historia de KA y viviendo en una casa en donde no previamente no se habían reportado casos de KA; (2) personas sin una historia previa de KA pero que viven en una casa en la que se han diagnosticado casos de KA en el momento de tomar la muestra o en el pasado; (3) pacientes de KA con tratamientos exitosos. Cada muestra fue testada utilizando una PCR específica para detectar ADN de L eishmania, y dos pruebas serológicas para demostrar presencia de anticuerpos anti ‐ L eishmania : la prueba de aglutinación directa y el ELISA rK39. Resultados: La positividad por PCR era similar entre los tres grupos (20–25%). En cambio, entre los pacientes tratados el porcentaje de individuos con serología positiva era aproximadamente cinco veces mayor que el de individuos sanos sin historia previa de KA, medido con cualquiera de las dos pruebas. El vivir en una casa en donde se había reportado un caso de KA no afectaba la seropositividad. Conclusión: Existe una proporción significativa de infecciones asintomáticas de L eishmania en áreas endémicas. Utilizar una combinación de pruebas moleculares y serológicas aumenta la capacidad de detectar infecciones en diferentes estadíos. Se requieren más estudios para determinar la cinética de los marcadores. … (more)
- Is Part Of:
- Tropical medicine & international health. Volume 18:Issue 5(2013:May)
- Journal:
- Tropical medicine & international health
- Issue:
- Volume 18:Issue 5(2013:May)
- Issue Display:
- Volume 18, Issue 5 (2013)
- Year:
- 2013
- Volume:
- 18
- Issue:
- 5
- Issue Sort Value:
- 2013-0018-0005-0000
- Page Start:
- 548
- Page End:
- 554
- Publication Date:
- 2013-03-07
- Subjects:
- PCR -- Direct Agglutination Test -- rK39 ELISA -- asymptomatic -- visceral leishmaniasis -- kala‐azar
Tropical medicine -- Periodicals
Public health -- Periodicals
616.988 - Journal URLs:
- http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/member/institutions/issuelist.asp?journal=tmi ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-3156 ↗
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ↗ - DOI:
- 10.1111/tmi.12085 ↗
- Languages:
- English
- ISSNs:
- 1360-2276
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- Legaldeposit
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