An outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outpatients: good outcome without specific antiviral treatment. Issue 1 (11th July 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mendes, E.T.; Ramos, J.; Peixoto, D.; Dulley, F.; Alves, T.; Vilas Boas, L.S.; Batista, M.V.; da Silva, D.P.; Levin, A.S.; Shikanai‐Yasuda, M.A.; Costa, S.F.
• Is Part Of: Transplant infectious disease. Volume 15:Issue 1(2013)
• Page Start: 42
• Page End: 48
• Publication Date: 2012-07-11
• Subjects: respiratory syncytial virus -- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation -- outpatients; Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc -- Complications -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; 617.01
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2012.00764.x
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1398-2273

Abstract

Abstract: Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of seasonal respiratory viral infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) patients. The efficacy of treatment, however, remains controversial. We describe an outbreak of 31 cases of RSV that occurred in an HSCT outpatient care unit in the fall season from March through May 2010, with a good outcome without any specific antiviral treatment. Methods: During these 3 months, 222 nasal wash samples were tested and, of these, 31 outpatients were positive for RSV. In 2009, 99 samples had been tested and only 10 outpatients were positive for RSV in the same period. Results: Seven (22.5%) patients had severe neutropenia (<500 cells/μL); severe lymphopenia (<200 cells/μL) was present in 13 (41.9%) patients, and 14 (45%) had received intravenous broad‐spectrum antibiotics. Hospitalization was necessary only for 8 patients (25.8%); 20 had lower respiratory tract infection (64.5%). Only 1 patient died as a result of proven invasive aspergillosis. Conclusion: This report suggests that HSCT outpatients with no risk factors may not always require specific treatment for RSV.