Changes in cytokine and chemokine expression distinguish dysthymic disorder from major depression and healthy controls. (February 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Ho, Pei-Shen; Yen, Che-Hung; Chen, Chun-Yen; Huang, San-Yuan; Liang, Chih-Sung
• Is Part Of: Psychiatry research. Volume 248(2017)
• Page Start: 20
• Page End: 27
• Publication Date: 2017-02
• Subjects: DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition -- IL interleukin -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor alpha -- HADM Hamilton Depression Rating Scale -- BMI body mass index -- MD major depression -- DD dysthymic disorder -- HC healthy controls -- IL-1RA interleukin-1 receptor antagonist -- FGF fibroblast growth factor -- G-CSF granulocyte colony-stimulating factor -- GM-CSF granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor -- IFN-γ interferon gamma -- IP-10 interferon gamma-induced protein 10 -- MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein 1 -- MIP macrophage inflammatory protein -- PDGF platelet-derived growth factor -- RANTES regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted -- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor -- CNS central nervous system; Dysthymia -- Inflammation -- Cytokine network -- Interferon-γ-induced protein 10 -- Eotaxin-1; Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Psychiatry -- periodicals; Psychiatrie -- Périodiques; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.12.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0165-1781

Abstract

Abstract: An important area of uncertainty is the inflammatory degree to which depression occurring as part of dysthymic disorder may differ from major depression. Using a 27-plex cytokine assay, we analyzed the serum of 12 patients with dysthymic disorder, 12 with major depression, and an age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched control group of 20 healthy volunteers. We observed that patients with dysthymic disorder exhibited aberrant cytokine and chemokine expression compared with healthy controls and patients with major depression. The levels of interferon-γ-induced protein 10 highly predicted dysthymic disorder. Network analyses revealed that in patients with dysthymic disorder, the vertices were more sparsely connected and adopted a more hub-like architecture, and the connections from neighboring vertices of interleukin 2 and eotaxin-1 increased. After treatment with the same antidepressant, there was no difference between dysthymic disorder and major depression regarding any of the cytokines or chemokines analyzed. For dysthymic disorder, changes in the levels of interferon-γ-induced protein 10 and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α correlated with depression improvement. The findings suggest that the cytokine milieu in dysthymic disorder differs either at the level of individual expression or in network patterns. Moreover, chemokines play an important role in driving the pathophysiology of dysthymic disorder. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Dysthymia had more widespread differential expression in cytokines and chemokines. Changes in IP-10 and MCP-1α correlated with depression improvement in dysthymia. The levels of IP-10 highly predicted dysthymia. The cytokine network of dysthymia adopted a more hub-like architecture. The interconnections of IL-2 and eotaxin-1 in network increased in dysthymia