Tankyrases as drug targets. (18th June 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lehtiö, Lari; Chi, Nai‐Wen; Krauss, Stefan
• Is Part Of: FEBS journal. Volume 280:Number 15(2013)
• Page Start: 3576
• Page End: 3593
• Publication Date: 2013-06-18
• Subjects: cancer -- diphtheria toxin‐like ADP‐ribosyltransferase (ARTD) -- drug discovery -- mitosis -- poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) -- tankyrase -- telomere -- vesicle trafficking -- Wnt signalling; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; 572
• DOI: 10.1111/febs.12320
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1742-464X

Abstract

Abstract : Tankyrase 1 and tankyrase 2 are poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ases that are distinguishable from other members of the enzyme family by the structural features of the catalytic domain, and the presence of a sterile α‐motif multimerization domain and an ankyrin repeat protein‐interaction domain. Tankyrases are implicated in a multitude of cellular functions, including telomere homeostasis, mitotic spindle formation, vesicle transport linked to glucose metabolism, Wnt–β‐catenin signaling, and viral replication. In these processes, tankyrases interact with target proteins, catalyze poly(ADP‐ribosyl)ation, and regulate protein interactions and stability. The proposed roles of tankyrases in disease‐relevant cellular processes have made them attractive drug targets. Recently, several inhibitors have been identified. The selectivity and potency of these small molecules can be rationalized by how they fit within the NAD + ‐binding groove of the catalytic domain. Some molecules bind to the nicotinamide subsite, such as generic diphtheria toxin‐like ADP‐ribosyltransferase inhibitors, whereas others bind to a distinct adenosine subsite that diverges from other diphtheria toxin‐like ADP‐ribosyltransferases and confers specificity. A highly potent dual‐site inhibitor is also available. Within the last few years, tankyrase inhibitors have proved to be useful chemical probes and potential lead compounds, especially for specific cancers. Abstract : This review describes the biochemical and cellular functions of the tankyrase subfamily of human ADP‐ribosyltransferases. Tankyrases use NAD + as a substrate to covalently modify acceptor proteins leading to dissociation of macromolecular complexes and protein degradation. Existing tankyrase inhibitors target the nicotinamide and/or the adenine pocket of the donor NAD + ‐binding cleft of the catalytic domain.