The network structure of malware development, deployment and distribution. Issue 1 (2nd January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Macdonald, Mitch; Frank, Richard
• Is Part Of: Global crime. Volume 18:Issue 1(2017)
• Page Start: 49
• Page End: 69
• Publication Date: 2017-01-02
• Subjects: Cybercrime -- hacker forums -- illicit markets -- malware -- social network analysis; Transnational crime -- Periodicals; Organized crime -- Periodicals; 364.106072
• DOI: 10.1080/17440572.2016.1227707
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1744-0572

Abstract

Abstract : The Internet is a global infrastructure, connecting individuals, regardless of their proximity to one another. But, the ability to connect on such a large scale has also been leveraged to coordinate illicit activities. This has led to the emergence of online illicit networks that have enabled broader participation in cybercrime. Online stolen data markets have been of particular interest to researchers, though the networks involved in the development, deployment and distribution of malicious software are far less explored, despite being intricately tied to the growing issue of cyber security. The current study identifies community structures within a larger network of hackers, malware writers and market actors and examines the underlying characteristics of these networks. Results suggest that the network is composed of modular communities formed largely of weak, non-redundant ties that follow the ubiquitous structure of complex networks. Implications, limitations and directions for future research conclude this paper.