Decreased arylesterase activity of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) might be a common denominator of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Castellazzi, Massimiliano; Trentini, Alessandro; Romani, Arianna; Valacchi, Giuseppe; Bellini, Tiziana; Bonaccorsi, Gloria; Fainardi, Enrico; Cavicchio, Carlotta; Passaro, Angelina; Zuliani, Giovanni; Cervellati, Carlo
• Is Part Of: International journal of biochemistry & cell biology. Volume 81:Part B(2016)
• Page Start: 356
• Page End: 363
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: ARE arylesterase -- B unstandardized regression coefficient -- CSF Cerebrospinal Fluid -- CT Computer tomography -- CVD cardiovascular disease -- HDL High Density Lipoprotein -- LDL Low Density Lipoprotein -- LOAD late onset Alzheimer's disease -- MCI mild cognitive impairment -- MD mixed dementia -- MMSE mini mental state examination -- MS multiple sclerosis -- NSAID-AIREN National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and Association Internationale pour la Recherché et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences -- OR Odds Ratio -- OxS Oxidative Stress -- PON-1 Paraoxonase-1 -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- VAD vascular dementia; Paraoxonase-1 -- Arylesterase activity -- Multiple sclerosis -- Alzheimer's disease -- Vascular dementia; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Cell Biology -- Periodicals; Biochimie -- Périodiques; Cytologie -- Périodiques; Biochimie; Cytologie; Biochemistry; Cytology; Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Periodicals; 572.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.06.008
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1357-2725

Abstract

Abstract: High-density lipoprotein (HDL)-bound paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is mechanistically related to oxidative stress, inflammation and atherosclerosis and this multirole nature positions the enzyme as potential pathogenic player and candidate biomarker for many diseases. Our previous work suggests that decline in serum PON-1 activities, i.e . arylesterase and paraoxonase, might be associated with the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) or vascular dementia (VAD). The present study aimed to: (1) expand our previous findings in a larger and different population, including patients with LOAD-VAD mixed dementia (MD); (2) explore a possible association between PON-1 and multiple sclerosis (MS); (3) evaluate if cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of PON-1 activities might be useful biomarkers for MS. We found that serum arylesterase, but not paraoxonase, levels of PON-1 were significantly lower in patients affected by MCI (n = 232), VAD (n = 65), LOAD (n = 175), MD (n = 88) as well as those with MS (n = 104) as compared to healthy controls. Notably, the most pronounced decline in this activity was shown by MD (−18%, p < 0.01) and MS (−23%, p < 0.001), while the lowest changes were detected in the MCI group (11%, p < 0.05). Only arylesterase was detectable in the CSF of MS patients and the levels were not significantly different from those detected in the other two neurological control groups. Overall our data suggest that a depressed arylesterase activity could be a common denominator of different neurological diseases which, independently of their peculiar ethiopathogenesis and pathophysiology, appear to be all characterized by an altered systemic redox balance.