Anti-Müllerian hormone and polycystic ovary syndrome. (November 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bhide, Priya; Homburg, Roy
• Is Part Of: Best practice & research. Volume 37(2016)
• Page Start: 38
• Page End: 45
• Publication Date: 2016-11
• Subjects: Anti-Müllerian hormone -- polycystic ovary syndrome; Gynecology -- Periodicals; Obstetrics -- Periodicals; Genital Diseases, Female; Obstetrics; Gynecology; Obstetrics; Periodicals; 618.05
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2016.03.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1521-6934

Abstract

Abstract : Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is expressed by the granulosa cells of the pre-antral and small antral follicles in the ovary. It is significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) due to an increased number of antral follicles and also a higher production per antral follicle. It is postulated to have an inhibitory role in folliculogenesis and may play an important role in the pathophysiology of anovulation associated with PCOS. Measurement of the serum AMH levels is very useful for the identification of PCOS and has been suggested as a diagnostic criterion. An international standardisation of the AMH assay, large population-based studies and a global consensus are needed before its incorporation into routine diagnosis. Serum AMH levels add significant value to the clinical markers for the prediction of hyperresponse to controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilisation treatment and development of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Highlights: The Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels are significantly higher in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) than non-PCOS women. The increased AMH levels are due to the higher number of follicle cells and per-follicle AMH production. The AMH is postulated to play a key role in anovulation in PCOS. The AMH is currently not included as a diagnostic criterion for PCOS. The AMH is useful for the prediction of high ovarian response during in vitro fertilisation (IVF).