Possible roles for fronto-striatal circuits in reading disorder. (January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hancock, Roeland; Richlan, Fabio; Hoeft, Fumiko
• Is Part Of: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. Volume 72(2017)
• Page Start: 243
• Page End: 260
• Publication Date: 2017-01
• Subjects: Dyslexia -- Compensation -- Implicit learning -- Articulation; Psychophysiology -- Periodicals; Human behavior -- Periodicals; Animal behavior -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Behavior -- Periodicals; Ethology -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; Psychophysiologie -- Périodiques; Comportement humain -- Périodiques; Animaux -- Mœurs et comportement -- Périodiques; Neurologie -- Périodiques; Animal behavior; Human behavior; Neurology; Psychophysiology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 573.8
• DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.025
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0149-7634

Abstract

Highlights: We review interpretations of increased fronto-striatal activity in reading disorder. Convergence between hyperactive brain regions and regions supporting articulation. Current literature does not provide consistent support for compensation hypotheses. Abstract: Several studies have reported hyperactivation in frontal and striatal regions in individuals with reading disorder (RD) during reading-related tasks. Hyperactivation in these regions is typically interpreted as a form of neural compensation related to articulatory processing. Fronto-striatal hyperactivation in RD could however, also arise from fundamental impairment in reading related processes, such as phonological processing and implicit sequence learning relevant to early language acquisition. We review current evidence for the compensation hypothesis in RD and apply large-scale reverse inference to investigate anatomical overlap between hyperactivation regions and neural systems for articulation, phonological processing, implicit sequence learning. We found anatomical convergence between hyperactivation regions and regions supporting articulation, consistent with the proposed compensatory role of these regions, and low convergence with phonological and implicit sequence learning regions. Although the application of large-scale reverse inference to decode function in a clinical population should be interpreted cautiously, our findings suggest future lines of research that may clarify the functional significance of hyperactivation in RD.