Chemical photoallergy: photobiochemical mechanisms, classification, and risk assessments. Issue 1 (January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Onoue, Satomi; Seto, Yoshiki; Sato, Hideyuki; Nishida, Hayato; Hirota, Morihiko; Ashikaga, Takao; Api, Anne Marie; Basketter, David; Tokura, Yoshiki
• Is Part Of: Journal of dermatological science. Volume 85:Issue 1(2017:Jan.)
• Page Start: 4
• Page End: 11
• Publication Date: 2017-01
• Subjects: 3T3 NRU PT 3T3 neutral red uptake phototoxicity testing -- AOP adverse outcome pathway -- DEREK deductive estimation of risk from existing knowledge -- HOMO-LUMO gap energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital -- ICH International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for human use -- IFRA International Fragrance Association -- LLNA local lymph node assay -- MEC molar extinction coefficient -- mROS assay micellar ROS assay -- NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs -- PABA p-aminobenzoic acid -- photo-h-CLAT photo human cell line activation test -- PIF photoirritation factor -- QSAR quantitative structure-activity relationships -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- UV ultraviolet -- VIS light visible light; Photoallergen -- Photoallergy -- Photosafety assessment -- Photosensitivity -- Phototoxicity; Dermatology -- Periodicals; Skin Diseases -- Periodicals; Dermatologie -- Périodiques; 616.5005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.08.005
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0923-1811

Abstract

Abstract: Chemical photosensitivity can be elicited by exposure of the skin to various pharmaceutical substances, foods, cosmetics and other environmental chemicals, followed by exposure to sunlight. There are at least three types of chemical photosensitivity, i.e., photoirritancy (narrowly defined as phototoxicity), photogenotoxicity and photoallergenicity, and their clinical characteristics and mechanisms are quite different. Concerns about chemical photoallergy is increasing, and various studies have been made to clarify the photobiochemical characteristics of photoallergens and the mechanisms involved. Various methodologies, including in silico prediction models, photochemical assay systems, and in vitro phototoxicity prediction tools, have been developed to predict the photoallergenic potential of chemicals over the past few years. The aim of this manuscript is to review the clinical characteristics, pathogenetic mechanisms and photobiochemical features of photoallergens, with special emphasis on the current status about development of screening systems for predicting photoallergenic potential of chemicals.