Osteoarthritis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: What are the links?. (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Courties, Alice; Sellam, Jérémie
• Is Part Of: Diabetes research and clinical practice. Volume 122(2016)
• Page Start: 198
• Page End: 206
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Osteoarthritis -- Metabolic syndrome -- Diabetes mellitus -- Oxidative stress -- Glucose; Diabetes -- Periodicals; Diabetes Mellitus -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.10.021
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0168-8227

Abstract

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequent joint disorder and one of the leading cause of disability. During a long time, it was considered as the consequence of aging and mechanical stress on cartilage. Recent advances in the knowledge of OA have highlighted that it is a whole joint disease with early modifications of synovium and subchondral bone but also that it is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome through systemic mechanisms. In the past year, type 2 diabetes has been described in two meta-analyzes as an independent risk factor for OA. In vivo models of diabetes corroborated epidemiological studies. Indeed, diabetic rodents display a spontaneous and a more severe experimental OA than their non-diabetic counterparts, which can be partially prevented by diabetes treatment (insulin, pioglitazone). The negative impact of diabetes on joints could be explain by the induction of oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines but also by advanced age products accumulation in joint tissues exposed to chronic high glucose concentration. Insulin resistance might also impair joint tissue because of a local insulin resistance of diabetic synovial membrane but also by the systemic low grade inflammation state related to obesity and insulin resistant state.