Increased interleukin-35 expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes correlates with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. (January 2017)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhao, Zhonghua; Chen, Xi; Hao, Shengnan; Jia, Rui; Wang, Nana; Chen, Shaoshui; Li, Mianli; Wang, Chuanxin; Mao, Haiting
• Is Part Of: Cytokine. Volume 89(2017)
• Page Start: 76
• Page End: 81
• Publication Date: 2017-01
• Subjects: IDC invasive ductal carcinoma -- IL-35 interleukin-35 -- Tregs regulatory T cells -- TILs tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes -- EBI3 Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-induced gene 3 -- Bregs regulatory B cells -- PFS progression-free survival -- OS overall survival -- ER estrogen receptor -- PR progesterone receptor -- HER2 human epithelial growth factor receptor 2 -- EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor -- NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer; Breast cancer -- Interleukin-35 -- Invasive ductal carcinoma -- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes; Cytokines -- Periodicals; 571.844
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.09.012
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-4666

Abstract

Highlights: IL-35 is expressed in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of breast cancer. The expression level of IL-35 in TILs may be a valuable prognostic factor for IDC. High plasma IL-35 levels were associated with late TNM stage in IDC. Increased IL-35 + populations in the TILs may impair antitumor immune response. Abstract: Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a recently discovered inhibitory cytokine, which is firstly discovered to be produced by regulatory T cells (Tregs) and proposed as a key effector molecule of Treg function. This study aims to analyze the correlation between IL-35 expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) of breast cancer tissue and patients' clinical characteristics. Plasma IL-35 was also determined in 60 patients with breast invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 30 healthy women by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-35 expression in the tissue specimens was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. It was shown that 39.1%, 43.6% and 17.3% of the 110 patients were absent, weak, and strong IL-35 expression in the TILs, respectively. Strong IL-35 expression in TILs was significantly associated with age >50 years, tumor size >2 cm, TNM stage III, and negative ER (All P < 0.05). Patients with elevated IL-35 expression in TILs had significantly worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients with weak or no IL-35 expression (All P < 0.05). High plasma IL-35 levels were significantly associated with TNM stage III and lymph node metastasis (All P < 0.05). Plasma IL-35 level and IL-35 expression in the TILs of breast cancer tissues may be a valuable biomarker in the development and prognosis of IDC.