Protective effects of fish oil and pioglitazone on pancreatic tissue in obese KK mice with type 2 diabetes. (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Iizuka, Yuzuru; Kim, Hyounju; Izawa, Takuya; Sakurai, Koji; Hirako, Satoshi; Wada, Masahiro; Matsumoto, Akiyo
• Is Part Of: Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids. Volume 115(2016:Dec.)
• Page Start: 53
• Page End: 59
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: AQP7 aquaglyceroporin 7 -- BAP biological antioxidative potential -- CHOP CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein -- CT computed tomography -- DHA docosahexaenoic acid -- d-ROMs diacron of reactive oxygen metabolites -- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- en% energy% -- EPA eicosapentaenoic acid -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- H&E hematoxylin and eosin -- HOMA-IR homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance -- IL1β interleukin-1β -- IR insulin resistance -- MCP1 monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -- PDX1 pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 -- PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- TLR4 toll-like receptor 4 -- TNFα tumor necrosis factor-α -- TUNEL TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling -- TZDs thiazolidines -- WAT white adipose tissue; Fish oil -- Pioglitazone -- Protective effect -- Islet hypertrophy -- β-cell dysfunction; Lipids -- Periodicals; Unsaturated fatty acids -- Periodicals; Prostaglandins -- Periodicals; Leukotrienes -- Periodicals; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated -- Periodicals; Acides gras insaturés -- Périodiques; Prostaglandines -- Périodiques; Leucotriènes -- Périodiques; Lipides -- Périodiques; 612.01577
• DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2016.10.007
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3278

Abstract

Abstract: n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have protective effects against the pancreatic β-cell dysfunction through several mechanisms. Thiazolidines are insulin sensitizers and are used in treating patients with type 2 diabetes. Our previous study demonstrated that a combination of fish oil, which is rich with EPA and DHA, and pioglitazone exerts beneficial effects on obesity and diabetes through their actions on the liver and adipose tissue. However, it remains largely unknown whether such combination therapy affects the pancreas. To answer this question, KK mice, which serve as a model for obesity and type 2 diabetes, were treated for 8 weeks with fish oil and pioglitazone. The combined regimen suppressed pancreatic islet hypertrophy (mean islet area decreased by an average of 49% vs. control) compared with mice treated with fish oil or pioglitazone alone (decreased by an average of 21% and 32% vs. control, respectively). Compared with the controls, individual or combined treatment significantly increased the percentage of β-cell area in the pancreatic islets, significantly decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress, and reduced the percentage of apoptotic cell death in the pancreatic islets. These findings suggest that fish oil and/or pioglitazone prevents β-cell dysfunction by improving the insulin resistance and decreasing the ER stress. Highlights: Fish oil pioglitazone and suppressed hypertrophy of the pancreatic islets. This combined regimen increased the percentage of β-cell area in the pancreatic islets. Fish oil and/or pioglitazone prevents β-cell dysfunction by improving the insulin resistance.