What does a priming perspective reveal about culture: culture-as-situated cognition. (December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Oyserman, Daphna
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in psychology. Volume 12(2016)
• Page Start: 94
• Page End: 99
• Publication Date: 2016-12
• Subjects: Psychology -- Periodicals; 150.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.10.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2352-250X

Abstract

Highlights: Adaptation to group living improves survival; these adaptations yield culture. Culture highlights the importance of group membership, reputation, and innovation. Which aspect (cultural mindset) is activated depends on situational cues and influences. Content (what we do), procedures (how we do things), and goals (what we care about). Culture cues if–then relationships that change cognitive processing if violated. Abstract : 'Between-group' comparison models of culture imply that adaptations to group living are not represented cross-culturally, but if people are either individualists who make sense of the world by separating out main issues and underlying rules or collectivists who make sense of the world by connecting and relating, how is it that people can do both? Culture-as-situated cognition theory explains how: Many seemingly fixed cultural differences can be traced to differences in the accessible constructs — cultural mindsets — that come to mind when situations render them accessible. Social priming paradigms demonstrate that people from ostensibly different cultures have more than their chronically accessible cultural mindset available for use, and that momentarily accessible mindset matters, influencing cognitive processing, judgment, reasoning, and performance.