Batik effluent reclamation through a task-orientated coupling process of nanofiltration membranes. Issue 57 (7th December 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wang, Xiaojuan; Gao, Xueli; Zhang, Yushan; Wang, Xinyan; Gao, Congjie
• Is Part Of: Desalination and water treatment. Volume 57:Issue 57(2016)
• Page Start: 27557
• Page End: 27572
• Publication Date: 2016-12-07
• Subjects: Batik effluent -- Reclamation -- Nanofiltration -- Coupling process -- Membrane fouling and cleaning; Saline water conversion -- Periodicals; Saline water conversion; Water -- Purification; Periodicals; 628.167
• DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2016.1186566
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1944-3994

Abstract

Abstract: Batik industries generate large amounts of effluents with high chromaticity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, and salinity. The present study aims to recycle batik effluent using nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The effects of various operating conditions on the performances of three NF membranes (NF6, NF2A, and NF3A) were examined in terms of the removal rate of salt, COD, and chromaticity, together with permeate flux. Membrane fouling and cleaning strategies were also investigated. Results showed that the NF3A membrane outperformed the other membranes under the following optimal operating conditions: operating pressure, 1 MPa; operating temperature, 20°C; and cross-flow velocity, 5 m/s. A pilot-scale test was conducted by screening a NF membrane combination, including one NF membrane with high permeate fluxes and a poor water quality and another NF membrane placed on the opposite side, to satisfy reuse requirements and to reduce investment costs. Compared with NF3A membranes alone, the combination of NF2A and NF3A membranes could reduce COD and chromaticity to satisfy the reuse requirement and to enhance water fluxes. Through chemical cleaning with 3.5 ppm EDTA-2Na and 400 ppm NaOH, the performance of the NF membranes could be effectively restored. A feasible NF coupling process was confirmed in batik wastewater reclamation.