Alteration of consciousness via diverse photo-acoustic stimulatory patterns. Phenomenology and effect on salivary flow rate, alpha-amylase and total protein levels. Issue 4 (December 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Beck, Anita; Fábián, Gábor; Fejérdy, Pál; Krause, Wolf-Rainer; Hermann, Péter; Módos, Károly; Varga, Gábor; Fábián, Tibor Károly
• Is Part Of: Journal of physiology -Paris. Volume 109:Issue 4/6(2015)
• Page Start: 201
• Page End: 213
• Publication Date: 2015-12
• Subjects: ANOVA analysis of variance -- LED light emitting diodes -- ICD-10 International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision -- EEG electroencephalography -- EMG electromyography -- PCI Pekala's Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory -- IgA immunoglobulin A -- HSP70/HSPA 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) also referred to as heat shock protein A (HSPA) -- ISN inferior salivary nucleus -- SSN superior salivary nucleus -- VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide; Photo-acoustic stimulation -- Hypnotherapy -- Altered state of consciousness -- Saliva -- Amylase -- Secretion; Physiology -- Periodicals; 571.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jphysparis.2015.12.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0928-4257

Abstract

Highlights: Photo-acoustic stimulation is used to induce altered states of consciousness. Photo-acoustic stimulation also leads to changes in the composition of saliva. There are cumulative and pattern specific effects of photo-acoustic stimulation. Values of cumulative or pattern specific effects are relatively small in this study. The use of other stimulatory parameters may lead to more pronounced effects. Abstract: Long-term photo-acoustic stimulation is used for the induction of altered states of consciousness for both therapeutic and experimental purposes. Long-term photo-acoustic stimulation also leads to changes in the composition of saliva which have a key contribution to the efficiency of this technique in easing mucosal symptoms of oral psychosomatic patients. The aim of this study is to find out whether there is any cumulative effect of repeated stimulation and whether there are any detectable differences between diverse stimulatory patterns of long lasting photo-acoustic stimulation on the phenomenology of the appearing trance state and on salivary secretion. There was significant cumulative effect in relation with the appearance of day dreaming as phenomenological parameter, and in relation with protein output and amylase/protein ratio as salivary parameter. Pattern specific effect was detectable in relation with salivary flow rate only. Although our results clearly indicate the existence of certain cumulative and stimulation-pattern specific effects of repeated photo-acoustic stimulation, the absolute values of all these effects were relatively small in this study. Therefore, in spite of their theoretical importance there are no direct clinical consequences of these findings. However, our data do not exclude at all the possibility that repeated stimulation with other stimulatory parameters may lead to more pronounced effects. Further studies are needed to make clear conclusion in this respect.