Biodiesel production from degummed Jatropha curcas oil using constant-temperature ultrasonic water bath. Issue 17 (1st September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jogi, Ramakrishna; Murthy, Y.V.V. Satyanarayana; Satyanarayana, M.R.S.; Rao, T. Nagarjuna; Javed, Syed
• Is Part Of: Energy sources. Volume 38:Issue 17(2016)
• Page Start: 2610
• Page End: 2616
• Publication Date: 2016-09-01
• Subjects: Free fatty acid -- jatropha methyl ester -- transesterification -- tri-basic potassium phosphate -- ultrasound; Natural resources -- Periodicals; Energy consumption -- Periodicals; Energy consumption -- Climatic factors -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Environment aspects -- Periodicals; Power (Mechanics) -- Periodicals; 333.7905
• DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2015.1093044
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1556-7036

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This paper studied tri-basic potassium phosphate for transesterification process with degummed crude Jatropha curcas oil using constant-temperature, ultrasonic water bath generating low-intensity pulses with good energy distribution converting the maximum amount of biodiesel. Tri-basic potassium phosphate is suitable for J. curcas oil when the free fatty acid (FFA) content is less than 2%. The optimal reaction levels are catalyst 1.0 wt%, temperature of 50°C, and methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 12:1. The yield is 98% after 45 min, at 20 kHz frequency. The catalytic activity is found similar to potassium hydroxide and the catalyst solubility is only 4.27 ppm.