Craniofacial morphology in pediatric patients with Prader–Willi syndrome: a retrospective study. (26th September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Giuca, M. R.; Inglese, R.; Caruso, S.; Gatto, R.; Marzo, G.; Pasini, M.
• Is Part Of: Orthodontics and craniofacial research. Volume 19:Number 4(2016:Nov.)
• Page Start: 216
• Page End: 221
• Publication Date: 2016-09-26
• Subjects: cephalometrics -- craniofacial morphology -- Prader–Willi syndrome; Skull -- Growth -- Periodicals; Facial bones -- Growth -- Periodicals; Orthodontics -- Periodicals; Orthodontics, Corrective -- Periodicals; Orthodontic appliances -- Periodicals; 617.51
• DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12131
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1601-6335

Abstract

Structured Abstract: Objective: To investigate craniofacial characteristics in pediatric patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). Setting and Sample Population: A retrospective sample of 20 consecutive patients with PWS who had lateral and antero‐posterior (AP) cephalograms (14 males and six females; average age 10.2 ± 3 years) was compared to 20 controls matched for age and sex (14 males and six females; average age 10.5 ± 3.7 years). Materials and Methods: Cephalometric skeletal measurements were performed twice at a 1‐week interval by one calibrated operator, and random error was calculated using Dahlberg's formula. Mean values and standard deviations were computed for all variables. Student's t ‐test for independent samples was used to determine significant differences between PWS and controls. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Cephalometric values for the length of the maxilla ( p < 0.01), mandibular length ( p < 0.05) at both the ramus ( p < 0.05) and the mandibular body ( p < 0.01), and posterior and anterior facial height ( p < 0.01) were significantly lower in patients with PWS compared to controls. The AP cephalometric analysis revealed a significant reduction ( p < 0.01) in maxillary skeletal width, mandibular skeletal width, and interzygomatic distance. Conclusions: Pediatric patients with PWS seem to have a general reduction in certain craniofacial skeletal parameters (i.e., maxillary and mandibular length) compared to controls, but this study did not assess the overall craniofacial characteristics.