A mechanistic study to increase understanding of titanium dioxide nanoparticles-increased plasma glucose in mice. (September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hu, Hailong; Li, Li; Guo, Qian; Jin, Sanli; Zhou, Ying; Oh, Yuri; Feng, Yujie; Wu, Qiong; Gu, Ning
• Is Part Of: Food and chemical toxicology. Volume 95(2016)
• Page Start: 175
• Page End: 187
• Publication Date: 2016-09
• Subjects: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles -- Reactive oxygen species -- Plasma glucose -- Resveratrol -- Vitamin E; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Food poisoning -- Periodicals; Food Poisoning -- Periodicals; Toxicology -- Periodicals; Toxicologie -- Périodiques; Intoxications alimentaires -- Périodiques; Food poisoning; Toxicology; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0278-6915

Abstract

Abstract: Titanium dioxide nanoparticle (TiO2 NP) is an authorized food additive. Previous studies determined oral administration of TiO2 NPs increases plasma glucose in mice via inducing insulin resistance. An increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been considered the possible mechanism of increasing plasma glucose. However, persistently high plasma glucose is also a mechanism of increasing ROS. This study aims to explore whether TiO2 NPs increase plasma glucose via ROS. We found after oral administration of TiO2 NPs, an increase in ROS preceded an increase in plasma glucose. Subsequently, mice were treated with two antioxidants (resveratrol and vitamin E) at the same time as oral administration of TiO2 NPs. Results showed resveratrol and vitamin E reduced TiO2 NPs-increased ROS. An increase in plasma glucose was also inhibited. Further research showed resveratrol and vitamin E inhibited the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6, and the phosphorylation of JNK and p38 MAPK, resulting in improved insulin resistance. These results suggest TiO2 NPs increased ROS levels, and then ROS activated inflammatory cytokines and phosphokinases, and thus induced insulin resistance, resulting in an increase in plasma glucose. Resveratrol and vitamin E can reduce TiO2 NPs-increased ROS and thereby inhibit an increase in plasma glucose in mice. Graphical abstract: Highlights: TiO2 nanoparticles firstly increase reactive oxygen species levels and then increases plasma glucose. By reducing reactive oxygen species, resveratrol and vitamin E improve insulin resistance. By reducing reactive oxygen species, resveratrol and vitamin E maintain plasma glucose at normal levels.