Assessing the burden of pneumonia using administrative data from Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. (August 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Azmi, Soraya; Aljunid, Syed Mohamed; Maimaiti, Namaitijiang; Ali, Al-Abed; Muhammad Nur, Amrizal; De Rosas-Valera, Madeleine; Encluna, Joyce; Mohamed, Rosminah; Wibowo, Bambang; Komaryani, Kalsum; Roberts, Craig
• Is Part Of: International journal of infectious diseases. Volume 49(2016:Aug.)
• Page Start: 87
• Page End: 93
• Publication Date: 2016-08
• Subjects: CAP -- HAP -- Burden of disease -- Incidence rate -- LOS -- Cost; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases; Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.9
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.05.021
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1201-9712

Abstract

Highlights: The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia among hospitalized patients in Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines was studied. The case fatality rate, cost per admission, and length of stay were also calculated. Results varied between countries but were plausible based on the local context. These findings contribute to a better understanding of pneumonia in the Southeast Asia region. Summary: Objectives: To describe the incidence, mortality, cost, and length of stay (LOS) of hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in three Southeast Asian countries: Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Methods: Using Casemix system data from contributing hospitals, patients with International Classification of Diseases 10 th revision (ICD-10) codes identifying pneumonia were categorized into CAP or HAP using a logical algorithm. The incidence among hospitalized patients, case fatality rates (CFR), mean LOS, and cost of admission were calculated. The population incidence was calculated based on Malaysian data. Results: For every 100 000 discharges, CAP and HAP incidences were 14 245 and 5615 cases, respectively, in the Philippines, 4205 and 2187, respectively, in Malaysia, and 988 and 538, respectively, in Indonesia. The impact was greatest in the young and the elderly. The CFR varied from 1.4% to 4.2% for CAP and from 9.1% and 25.5% for HAP. The mean LOS was 6.1–8.6 days for CAP and 6.9–10.2 days for HAP. The cost of hospitalization was between USD 254 and USD 1208 for CAP and between USD 275 and USD 1482 for HAP. Conclusions: The burden of CAP and HAP is high. Results varied between the three countries, likely due to differences in socio-economic conditions, health system differences, and ICD-coding practices.