A numerical comparison of the flow behaviour in Friction Stir Welding (FSW) using unworn and worn tool geometries. (15th December 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hasan, A.F.; Bennett, C.J.; Shipway, P.H.
• Is Part Of: Materials & design. Volume 87(2015:Dec.)
• Page Start: 1037
• Page End: 1046
• Publication Date: 2015-12-15
• Subjects: Friction Stir Welding -- Computational fluid dynamics -- Flow -- Modelling -- Wear; Materials -- Periodicals; Engineering design -- Periodicals; Matériaux -- Périodiques; Conception technique -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 620.11
• DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.08.016
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-1275

Abstract

Abstract: The tool is a key component in the Friction Stir Welding (FSW) process, but the tool degrades and changes shape during use; however, only a limited number of experimental studies have been undertaken in order to understand the effect that worn tool geometry has on the material flow and resultant weld quality. In this study, a validated model of the FSW process is generated using the CFD software FLUENT, with this model then being used to assess the detail of the differences in the flow behaviour, mechanically affected zone (MAZ) size and strain rate distribution around the tool for both unworn and worn tool geometries. Comparisons are made at two different tool rotational speeds using a single weld traverse speed. The study shows that there are significant differences in the flow behaviour around and under the tool when the tool is worn. This modelling approach can therefore be used to improve understanding of the effective limits of tool life for welding, with a specific outcome of being able to predict and interpret the behaviour when using specific weld parameters and component geometry without the need for experimental trials. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Accurate, computationally efficient results can be achieved using a hybrid mesh. The results show a low stirring action in the root when the tool becomes worn. The MAZ of the worn tool is shorter and 2.5 mm smaller than that of the unworn tool.