Francisella tularensis Live Vaccine Strain deficient in capB and overexpressing the fusion protein of IglA, IglB, and IglC from the bfr promoter induces improved protection against F. tularensis respiratory challenge. Issue 41 (22nd September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jia, Qingmei; Bowen, Richard; Lee, Bai-Yu; Dillon, Barbara Jane; Masleša-Galić, Saša; Horwitz, Marcus A.
• Is Part Of: Vaccine. Volume 34:Issue 41(2016)
• Page Start: 4969
• Page End: 4978
• Publication Date: 2016-09-22
• Subjects: Francisella tularensis -- Vaccine -- LVS ΔcapB -- Francisella pathogenicity island -- Type VI secretion system -- Bioterrorism; Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.08.041
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-410X

Abstract

Highlights: LVS Δ capB express high amounts of FPI proteins from bacterioferritin ( bfr ) promoter. rLVS Δ capB express more IglA, B, C or ABC than parental LVS Δ capB and are stable. rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglC or bfr-iglABC induce greater T-cell immunity than LVS Δ capB . rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglABC i.d. provides better protection against Schu S4 than LVS Δ capB . rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglABC provides partial immediate pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis. Abstract: A safer and more effective vaccine than the unlicensed Francisella tularensis Live Vaccine Strain (LVS) is needed to protect against the biowarfare agent F. tularensis . Previously, we developed an LVS Δ capB mutant that is significantly safer than LVS and provides potent protective immunity against F. tularensis respiratory challenge when administered intranasally but limited protection when administered intradermally unless as part of a prime-boost vaccination strategy. To improve the immunogenicity and efficacy of LVS Δ capB, we developed recombinant LVS Δ capB (rLVS Δ capB ) strains overexpressing various F. tularensis Francisella Pathogenicity Island (FPI) proteins - IglA, IglB and IglC, and a fusion protein (IglABC) comprising immunodominant epitopes of IglA, IglB, and IglC downstream of different Francisella promoters, including the bacterioferritin ( bfr ) promoter. We show that rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglA, iglB, iglC, and iglABC express more IglA, IglB, IglC or IglABC than parental LVS Δ capB in broth and in human macrophages, and stably express FPI proteins in macrophages and mice absent antibiotic selection. In response to IglC and heat-inactivated LVS, spleen cells from mice immunized intradermally with rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglC or bfr-iglABC secrete greater amounts of interferon-gamma and/or interleukin-17 than those from mice immunized with LVS Δ capB, comparable to those from LVS-immunized mice. Mice immunized with rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglA, iglB, iglC or iglABC produce serum antibodies at levels similar to LVS-immunized mice. Mice immunized intradermally with rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglABC and challenged intranasally with virulent F. tularensis Schu S4 survive longer than sham- and LVS Δ capB -immunized mice. Mice immunized intranasally with rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglABC - but not with LVS - just before or after respiratory challenge with F. tularensis Schu S4 are partially protected; protection is correlated with induction of a strong innate immune response. Thus, rLVS Δ capB / bfr-iglABC shows improved immunogenicity and protective efficacy compared with parental LVS Δ capB and, in contrast to LVS, has partial efficacy as immediate pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis.