Cancer in Parkinson's disease. (October 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tacik, Pawel; Curry, Sadie; Fujioka, Shinsuke; Strongosky, Audrey; Uitti, Ryan J.; van Gerpen, Jay A.; Diehl, Nancy N.; Heckman, Michael G.; Wszolek, Zbigniew K.
• Is Part Of: Parkinsonism & related disorders. Volume 31(2016)
• Page Start: 28
• Page End: 33
• Publication Date: 2016-10
• Subjects: Parkinson's disease -- Parkinsonism -- Cancer -- Basal ganglia -- Primary brain tumor -- Melanoma; CI confidence interval -- OR odds ratio -- PD Parkinson's disease -- SNCA alpha-synuclein gene -- PARK parkin gene -- PINK1 PTEN induced putative kinase 1 gene -- DJ-1 DJ-1 gene -- LRRK2 leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene; Parkinson's disease -- Periodicals; Movement disorders -- Periodicals; Movement Disorders -- Periodicals; Nerve Degeneration -- Periodicals; Nervous System Diseases -- Periodicals; Parkinson Disease -- Periodicals; Tremor -- Periodicals; Parkinson, Maladie de -- Périodiques; Parkinson's disease; 616.833
• DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.06.014
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1353-8020

Abstract

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: We examined the prevalence of cancer in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls evaluated at the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Florida, between 2003 and 2014. METHODS: We retrospectively collected information regarding cancer diagnoses and diagnosis of PD from 971 unrelated PD patients and 478 controls, and all were white. For PD patients, we examined cancers diagnosed before and after PD diagnosis separately in addition to considering all cancer diagnoses. RESULTS: Twenty different cancers were identified. In PD patients, the most common types of cancer were skin cancer (17.3% overall; 10.6% before PD), followed by nonmelanoma skin cancer (16.0% overall; 9.7% before PD), prostate cancer in men (12.8% overall; 9.2% before PD), breast cancer in women (10.6% overall; 6.3% before PD), and melanoma (2.4% overall; 1.1% before PD). Compared to controls, a significantly lower frequency of nonmelanoma skin cancer (odds ratio [OR]: 0.62, P = 0.0024) and any skin cancer (OR: 0.57, P = 0.0002) was observed in PD patients. These differences were greater when considering only cases with cancers that occurred before PD diagnosis (OR: 0.49, P < 0.0001; OR: 0.45, P < 0.0001, respectively), and there was a lower frequency of melanoma and any cancer preceding PD diagnosis compared to controls (OR: 0.31, P = 0.003; OR: 0.36, P < 0.0001). There was no evidence of a frequency difference for any other cancer. CONCLUSIONS: PD patients had a lower frequency of skin cancers or any cancer prior to PD diagnosis compared to controls, suggesting that cancer may have a protective effect on PD risk. Highlights: Skin cancers occur less often in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients than controls. The risk of developing any cancer preceding PD is significantly lower than in controls. Skin cancers and cancer in general may have a protective effect on PD risk. All other types of cancer occur at a similar frequency in PD patients and controls.