Cleaner production of rubber seed oil methyl ester using a hydrodynamic cavitation: optimisation and parametric study. (10th November 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bokhari, Awais; Chuah, Lai Fatt; Yusup, Suzana; Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír; Akbar, Majid Majeed; Kamil, Ruzaimah Nik M.
• Is Part Of: Journal of cleaner production. Volume 136:Part B(2016)
• Page Start: 31
• Page End: 41
• Publication Date: 2016-11-10
• Subjects: Cleaner production of biodiesel -- Optimisation -- Rubber seed oil methyl ester -- Mass transfer -- Fuel properties; RSO rubber seed oil -- RSOME rubber seed oil methyl ester -- TG triglyceride -- HC hydrodynamic cavitation -- MS mechanical stirring -- FFA free fatty acid -- × methyl ester conversion -- RSM response surface methodology -- CCD central composite design -- KOH potassium hydroxide; Factory and trade waste -- Management -- Periodicals; Manufactures -- Environmental aspects -- Periodicals; Déchets industriels -- Gestion -- Périodiques; Usines -- Aspect de l'environnement -- Périodiques; 628.5
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.04.091
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0959-6526

Abstract

Abstract: Producing sustainable biodiesel using non-edible feedstock via transesterification reaction assisted hydrodynamic cavitation technology is a viable way to offset fossil diesel usage. This technology has affirmative environmental impacts with lower energy consumption and the reaction time and offers a cleaner possibility. Methyl ester conversion has been observed at a different inlet pressure of 1–3.5 bar on different plate geometries in 50 L pilot hydrodynamic cavitation reactor. Orifice plate with 21 holes of 1 mm and inlet pressure of 3 bar found to be the optimal arrangement. Parametric optimisation used response surface methodology and found as alcohol to oil ratio of 6:1, catalyst loading of 1 wt.%, reaction time of 18 min and reaction temperature of 55 °C. About 5 fold shorter reaction time, 6.5 fold higher energy efficiency and 4.9 fold higher reaction rate constant using hydrodynamic cavitation compared to mechanical stirring. Hydrodynamic cavitation is concluded to be time saving and energy efficient process compared to mechanical stirring. This makes the process more environmental friendly using hydrodynamic cavitation. Most of the properties in rubber seed oil methyl ester were met the EN 14214 and ASTM D 6751 standards. Highlights: About 6.5 fold higher energy efficiency using HC than mechanical stirring. About 5 fold less reaction time using HC than mechanical stirring. About 4.9 fold higher rate constant using HC compared to mechanical stirring. About 3.5 fold higher frequency factor using HC than mechanical stirring.