From the analysis of pharmacologic vitreolysis to the comprehension of ocriplasmin safety. Issue 9 (1st September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Morescalchi, Francesco; Gambicorti, Elena; Duse, Sarah; Costagliola, Ciro; Semeraro, Francesco
• Is Part Of: Expert opinion on drug safety. Volume 15:Issue 9(2016)
• Page Start: 1267
• Page End: 1278
• Publication Date: 2016-09-01
• Subjects: Macular hole -- ocriplasmin -- pharmacologic vitreolysys -- safety -- vitreo-macular traction; Drugs -- Side effects -- Periodicals; Drugs -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Chemotherapy -- Periodicals; 615.704
• DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2016.1208169
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1474-0338

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Introduction : Pharmacologic vitreolysis is a strategy used to treat anomalous posterior vitreous detachment, by weakening vitreoretinal adhesion with an intravitreal drug. Pharmacologic vitreolysis facilitates surgery, and abnormalities of the vitreoretinal interface including vitreomacular traction (VMT) and early stage macular hole (MH) could be resolved. Ocriplasmin is a recombinant protease, active against fibronectin and laminin, which are important components of the vitreoretinal interface. Ocriplasmin has been approved for symptomatic treatment of VMT and MH with visible traction, and it functions by dissolving the proteins that link the vitreous to the macula, thereby creating a complete posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). Areas covered : This paper reviews the current knowledge and status of investigations regarding the use of ocriplasmin for pharmacologic vitreolysis and its safety. Expert opinion : Ocriplasmin is a non-specific enzyme; therefore, it dissolves vitreal proteins as well as possibly proteins associated with visual function in the retina, choroid, and lens. Ocular adverse events (OAEs) of ocriplasmin include transient visual loss, intraocular inflammation, vitreous floaters, lens opacification, zonular instability of the lens, and intraocular hemorrhage. The prevalence of the OAEs is very low; however, on rare occasions, they can result in widespread retinal dysfunction. Research into the acute and long-term safety of ocriplasmin is required.