Are Accelerometers and GPS Devices Valid, Reliable and Feasible Tools for Measurement of Community Ambulation After Stroke?1. Issue 2 (8th June 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mahendran, Niruthikha; Kuys, Suzanne S.; Downie, Emma; Ng, Phoebe; Brauer, Sandra G.
• Is Part Of: Brain impairment. Volume 17:Issue 2(2016)
• Page Start: 151
• Page End: 161
• Publication Date: 2016-06-08
• Subjects: Stroke, -- community ambulation, -- walking, -- reliability and validity, -- accelerometer, -- GPS; Brain Diseases -- Congresses; Brain Diseases -- Periodicals; Brain -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616.805
• DOI: 10.1017/BrImp.2016.13
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1443-9646

Abstract

Abstract : Purpose: To determine validity, reliability and feasibility of accelerometers (ActivPAL ™, Sensewear Pro2 Armband) and portable global positioning systems (GPS) (Garmin Forerunner 405CX) for community ambulation measurement after stroke. Methods: Fifteen community-dwelling stroke survivors attended two sessions; completing a 6-minute walk, treadmill walking, and 200-m outdoor circuit. Feasibility was determined by wearing devices over four days. Measures collected included step count, time spent walking, distance, energy expenditure and location. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland–Altman plots and absolute percentage of error (APE) were used to determine validity and reliability. Results: ActivPAL ™ had excellent validity and reliability for most measures (ICC: 0.821–0.999, APE: 0%–11.1%), except for good-excellent findings at speeds < 0.42 m/s (ICC: 0.659–0.894, APE: 1.6%–11.1%). Sensewear had missing values for 23% of recordings and high error for all measures. GPS demonstrated excellent validity and reliability for time spent walking and step count (ICC: 0.805–0.999, APE: 0.9%–10%), and 100% accuracy for location. However, it was not valid or reliable for distance (ICC = −0.139, APE = 23.8%). All devices appeared feasible for community ambulation measurement with assistance for setup and data analysis. Conclusions: ActivPAL ™ and Garmin GPS appear valid, reliable and feasible tools for community ambulation measurement after stroke, except for distance. Sensewear demonstrated poor validity and reliability when worn on the paretic arm.