Racial disparities in the survival of American children, adolescents, and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Issue 17 (10th June 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kahn, Justine M.; Keegan, Theresa H.M.; Tao, Li; Abrahão, Renata; Bleyer, Archie; Viny, Aaron D.
• Is Part Of: Cancer. Volume 122:Issue 17(2016)
• Page Start: 2723
• Page End: 2730
• Publication Date: 2016-06-10
• Subjects: adolescent -- adolescent and young adult (AYA) -- disparities -- leukemia -- lymphoma -- pediatric -- race -- Surveillance -- Epidemiology -- and End Results (SEER) -- survival; Cancer -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Cytopathology -- Periodicals; 616.99405
• DOI: 10.1002/cncr.30089
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0008-543X

Abstract

Abstract : BACKGROUND: Race‐based survival in children and adolescents with hematologic malignancies has been a national challenge for decades. Large‐scale investigations of age‐ and race‐based survival trends over time in these patients have not previously been reported. The objective of this study was to investigate whether race‐ and age‐related differences in pediatric and adolescent and young adult (AYA) leukemia and lymphoma survival persist and to what extent these differences have changed over time. METHODS: Using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program, this study investigated the outcomes of black and white (1975‐2012; n = 27, 369) and white and Hispanic (1992‐2012; n = 20, 574) children (0‐14 years old) and AYAs (15‐39 years old) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Estimates of 5‐ and 10‐year relative survival were compared over time. RESULTS: Trends showed a convergence of survival for white and black children with ALL but a divergence in survival for AYA patients. Hispanic children and AYAs both suffered inferior outcomes. Trends for AML revealed persistent survival differences between black and white children and suggested worsening disparities for AYAs. Survival trends in HL revealed sustained survival differences between black and white AYA patients, whereas no differences were found in Hispanic and white patient outcomes for AML or HL. CONCLUSIONS: Although survival for children and AYAs with ALL, AML, and HL has improved over the past 4 decades, differences persist between black, white, and Hispanic children and AYAs; survival disparities between black and white children with ALL have been nearly eliminated. Strategies aimed at identifying causality and reducing disparities are warranted. Cancer 2016 . © 2016 American Cancer Society . Cancer 2016;122:2723–2730. © 2016 American Cancer Society. Abstract : A retrospective analysis of 4 decades of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data show that although survival for children, adolescents, and young adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myelogenous leukemia, and Hodgkin lymphoma has improved, differences persist between black, white, and Hispanic children, adolescents, and young adults. Survival disparities between black and white children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia have been nearly eliminated.