Stroke: causes and clinical features. (September 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Markus, Hugh
• Is Part Of: Medicine. Volume 44:Number 9(2016)
• Page Start: 515
• Page End: 520
• Publication Date: 2016-09
• Subjects: Brain imaging -- cerebral haemorrhage -- cerebral infarction -- cerebrovascular disease -- pathogenesis -- risk factors -- stroke -- transient ischaemic attack; Medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Médecine -- Périodiques; Médecine factuelle -- Périodiques; Medicine; Periodicals; Electronic journals; Electronic journals; 610
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mpmed.2016.06.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1357-3039

Abstract

Abstract: Stroke is a clinical syndrome rather than a specific disease. This article reviews risk factors for stroke, and the different pathologies that can cause stroke. Approximately 20% of strokes are due to cerebral haemorrhage, most of which is intracerebral, with a significant minority caused by subarachnoid haemorrhage. The remaining 80% are ischaemic, including large artery disease, cardioembolic and small vessel disease. Differentiation of cerebral ischaemia from haemorrhage is impossible without brain imaging. Assessment of a patient with ischaemic stroke requires knowledge of the cerebral arterial supply and cerebral anatomy to differentiate anterior and posterior territory involvement.